Pulmonary diseases are one of the major indirect causes of maternal deaths. Pregnancy is a unique physiologi-cal state during which changes occur in all systems of the body to meet metabolic needs of both the mother and growing foetus. Enlarging uterus and increasing hormonal levels cause changes in volumes and mechanics of lungs. Understanding the basic physiology of the cardiovascular and respiratory changes during pregnancy along with the pathology of disease processes are vital in making therapeutic decisions. Pre-existing conditions like asthma, tuberculosis, and acute illnesses like pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pneumothorax can have calamitous effect on mother and child health. Continual foetal monitoring throughout pregnancy is very important in early recognition of foetal jeopardy.
BACKGROUND:A non-resolving opacity on chest X-ray despite intensive pharmacotherapy poses a diagnostic problem for the clinician. Transthoracic Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is regarded as the most effective of the cytological methods for diagnosing lung cancer, in particular peripherally-located lesions including lung nodules of infective etiology. In this study we evaluated the role of ultrasound guided percutaneous Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in various peripheral pulmonary lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty one (81) Patients with peripheral lung lesions who were admitted in the Department of pulmonary medicine, Guntur Medical College/Government Fever Hospital, Guntur from January 2014 to March 2015. RESULTS: Out of 81 patients, diagnostic yield was obtained in 71 patients. In 71 patients, 45patients (55.5%) were with malignant and 26(32%) were with non-malignant lung lesions. Out of 45 malignant patients, Squamous cell carcinoma was seen in 27 patients (60%) followed by Adenocarcinoma in 10 (22.22%), Large cell carcinoma in 07(15.55%) and Metastatic carcinoma in 01 patient (2.22%). Out of 26 non-malignant lung lesions, 18 patients were with Tuberculosis (69.23%) and 08 patients were with pneumonia (30.76%). CONCLUSION: Ultrasound Guided Trans-thoracic FNAC of peripheral pulmonary lesion is, simple, safe, quick, acceptable, easily accessible, accurate and cost-effective procedure without radiation. It lessens the need of other procedures like BAL, FOB and cutting biopsy procedures etc. KEYWORDS: FNAC, Lung Cancer, Peripheral Lung Lesion, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Ultrasound. INTRODUCTION:A non-resolving opacity on chest X ray despite intensive pharmacotherapy poses a diagnostic problem for the clinician (1) . Radiographic features such as size, location of the lesion, margins, shape, growth rate and presence of calcification are helpful for the diagnosis, and are not confirmative. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a well-established method of diagnosing both neoplastic and inflammatory conditions of the lung, has resulted in a decrease in the need of other procedures that are more invasive. Transthoracic Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is regarded as the most effective of the cytological methods for diagnosing lung cancer, in particular peripherallylocated lesions including lung nodules of infective etiology. Trans-bronchial lung biopsy or brushings via Fibre Optic Bronchoscope and Per-cutaneous transthoracic aspiration under fluoroscopic guidance are the other alternatives. Diagnostic methods which are time consuming and not available in all centers. In such cases Ultrasound guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of peripheral pulmonary lung lesions using fine needle is the choice for establishing the diagnosis which is simple and safe. Real time B-mode ultra-sonography which is readily available in most centers is easy to perform and free from radiation, helps in the evaluation of pulmonary lesions and also the needle can be guided under vision and aspirates can be obtained from d...
Pulmonary tuberculosis remains one of the major health problems through out the world. Pulmonary Tuberculosis has variable presentation, may present as a mass lesion. Here we are reporting a rare case presenting with dry cough with intermittent fever since 1 month, significant weight loss and one bout of hemoptysis 2 days back. A mass lesion noted in the right lower zone on chest x-ray and confirmed by Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Ultra sound aided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) confirmed as tuberculosis.
Diffuse parenchyma lung disease (DPLD) encompasses a hetero-geneous group of disorders, characterized by a spectrum of inflammatory and fibrotic changes affecting alveolar walls and air spaces. They comprise over 200 entities and include a wide spectrum of diseases, many uncommon and many of unknown etiology. The incidence and prevalence rates of DPLD have not been precisely estimated due to difficulties in ascertaining a specific diagnosis on a specific disease.
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