Drosophila heat shock activator protein, a rare transacting factor which is induced upon heat shock to bind specifically to the heat shock regulatory sequence in vivo, has been purified from shocked cells to more than 95 percent homogeneity by sequence-specific duplex oligonucleotide affinity chromatography. The purified protein has a relative molecular mass of 110 kilodaltons, binds to the regulatory sequence with great affinity and specificity, and strongly stimulates transcription of the Drosophila hsp70 gene. Studies with this regulatory protein should lead to an understanding of the biochemical pathway underlying the heat shock phenomenon.
Surface-sediment samples for diatom analyses, along with water chemistry and other limnological data, were collected from 113 fresh and saline lakes on the southern Interior Plateau and in the southern Rocky Mountain Trench of British Columbia, and combined with an existing calibration data set of 102 lakes from the southern interior of British Columbia and 11 saline lakes from the northern Great Plains. Diatom-based salinity inference models (= transfer functions) were developed using weighted-averaging and weighted-averaging with tolerance downweighting regression and calibration. The effects of species deletions and data-set size on the predictive ability (root mean square error of prediction after bootstrapping (RMSE boot )) of the models were evaluated by developing models using different species deletion criteria and by varying the number of lakes in the data set. The study emphasizes the value of training sets with a large number of lakes and of taxa to develop transfer functions with robust and reliable estimates of species optima and tolerances and to provide more and closer modern analogues for inferring salinity from diatom assemblages downcore. The new salinity transfer function generated from this larger data set (RMSE boot = 0.37, r 2 = 0.87) is an improvement over an earlier model developed from this region.Résumé : Des échantillons de sédiments superficiels, destinés à l'analyse des diatomées ainsi qu'à celle de la chimie de l'eau et à la recherche d'autres données limnologiques, ont été prélevés dans 113 lacs d'eau douce et d'eau salée du Plateau intérieur du sud et du Sillon des Rocheuses du Sud en Colombie-Britannique, et les données ont été combinées à la série existante de données de calibration couvrant 102 lacs de l'intérieur du sud de la Colombie-Britannique et 11 lacs salés des Grandes Plaines boréales. Les modèles d'inférence (= fonctions de transfert) de la salinité à partir des diatomées ont été élaborés à partir d'une régression et d'une calibration faisant appel à la moyenne pondérée et à la moyenne pondérée avec sous-pondération de la tolérance. Nous avons évalué les effets du retrait des espèces et de la taille de la série de données sur la capacité prédictive (RMSE boot ) en élaborant des modèles faisant appel à différents critères de retrait des espèces et en faisant varier le nombre de lacs dans la série de données. L'étude met l'accent sur la valeur des bases d'apprentissage comptant un grand nombre de lacs et des taxons pour la formulation de fonctions de transfert comportant des estimations robustes et fiables des optima des espèces et des tolérances, et pour fournir des analogues modernes plus nombreux et plus proches en vue de déduire la salinité à partir des assemblages de diatomées dans la carotte. La nouvelle fonction de transfert de la salinité générée à partir de cette grande série de données (RMSE boot = 0,37, r 2 = 0,87) constitue une amélioration par rapport à un modèle antérieur élaboré pour cette région. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
In cancer, the coordinate engagement of professional APC and Ag-specific cell-mediated effector cells may be vital for the induction of effective antitumor responses. We speculated that the enhanced differentiation and function of dendritic cells through CD40 engagement combined with IL-2 administration to stimulate T cell expansion would act coordinately to enhance the adaptive immune response against cancer. In mice bearing orthotopic metastatic renal cell carcinoma, only the combination of an agonist Ab to CD40 and IL-2, but neither agent administered alone, induced complete regression of metastatic tumor and specific immunity to subsequent rechallenge in the majority of treated mice. The combination of anti-CD40 and IL-2 resulted in significant increases in dendritic cell and CD8+ T cell number in advanced tumor-bearing mice compared with either agent administered singly. The antitumor effects of anti-CD40 and IL-2 were found to be dependent on CD8+ T cells, IFN-γ, IL-12 p40, and Fas ligand. CD40 stimulation and IL-2 may therefore be of use to promote antitumor responses in advanced metastatic cancer.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.