Scholars have suggested that school psychologists should implement a problem solving approach to practice (Reschly & Ysseldyke, 2002). Pre-referral intervention teams (PITs) are a frequently used model in education and are a preferred service option among school psychologists. Thus, the PIT model could be expanded to more effectively function within a problem solving approach, but research is needed to examine the use of PITs in this format. Ellis (2001) suggested that educational innovations require research that demonstrates sound theoretical basis, proven effectiveness, and consistent widespread implementation. The current article reviewed research and concluded that the PIT model was developed from a solid theoretic base and data exist to support its effectiveness. However, consistent implementation has not been achieved and remains a significant barrier to moving toward a problem solving approach. Research is needed regarding team format, assignment of staff, training, and treatment fidelity to better assure consistency through recommendations for practice.

No abstract

Since the enactment of Public Law 94-142, school districts have struggled to hire and retain required special education personnel (i.e., special education teachers, school psychologists, and related service providers). Data show that shortages of these qualified personnel are even more magnified in rural school districts. Distance education can provide an opportunity for candidates in rural areas to pursue educational training and certification while remaining in their communities. We summarize evidence-based components for online programs and describe an online program designed to respecialize candidates as school psychologists through comprehensive online training. We recommend a similar online model for training candidates to be special education teachers in rural and remote locations and provide guidance for programs to develop effective online programs.

email Notes no. 27 Notes no. 27 Eligibility policies and practices for young children under Part B of IDEA