Hepatitis-B (HBV) is a viral disease cause liver damage, cirrhosis, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Present study attempted to elucidate the biochemical and haematological markers other than Australia antigen, of hepatitis,B,vairusV (HBsAg) for better assessment of HBV infection.  The present study was conducted on 76 men, 50 of them were found to be HBeAg positive and 26 were negative, mean age was53±5.7years. Haematological parameters such as Absolute  Erythrocyte( Abs  Eryt), Absolute Leukocyte(Abs Leuk) , Haemoglobin(Hb), Packed Cell Volume(PCV),Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW), Mean  Corpuscular  Haemoglobin (MCH),MCH Concentration(MCHC) ,Neutrophils(Neut) ,Lymphocyte(Lymph), Monocyte(Mono), Eosinophil(Eosin) , Basophil (Baso)  , Absolut platelet(Abs.Plt), Red Blood Distribution(RBD)and biochemical markers such as Alanine aminotransferase(ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase(AST), Alkaline phosphatase(ALP), Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT),  Total Bilirubin (T.Bil), Albumin(Alb), C- reactive protein (CRP),  Amylase(Amy), Creatinine(Crea), Sodium(Na) , Potassium(K), were estimated for HBV patients and healthy groups.Statically at (P≤ 0.05) Abs Plt was highly significant elevated, Hb, Abs Leuk, Neut%, Lymph% and Eosin% were significant increases while other haematological parameters showed no differences   in HBV patients compared with controls. Liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT) and T.Bil were highly significant increased, Alb , CRP and Amyl were moderately increased, niether  Crea, Na nor K levels have differences  in HBV patients compared with controls.ALT has strong positive correlation with Leuk and with Abs Plt in HBV patients. liver enzymes ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, T.Bil  and Abs Plt can be used as  monitoring markers with the strong correlation between ALT and Abs Plt as an assessment  tools for HBV infection.

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Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a widespread cause of death in numerous parts of the world. Many factors raise the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). One of the most of it is atherosclerosis, caused by many factors such as Hyperlipidemia. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is the key regulatory enzyme in fatty acid synthesis. The disorder of lipid metabolism is one of the characteristics of diabetes, which is considered a risk factor for MI. Therefore, the activity ACC was estimated in patients with AMI and Diabetes. Method: The study included estimation of ACC activity and correlated with other biochemical variables such as Troponin T(cTnT), C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose‚ lipid profile, electrolytes [Sodium (Na⁺), Potassium(K⁺), Chloride (Cl⁻)]‚ urea and creatinine (Crea.), and evaluation of body mass index (BMI) effect in serum of 60 patients with AMI and diabetes compared with 30 serum from apparently healthy individuals as a control group, both groups are of males with an average age (25–60 years). Results and Conclusions: Results showed a significant increase in levels of ACC, cTnT, CRP, Glucose, and Lipid profile except for high-density lipoprotein – cholesterol (HDL-C) and urea, while a significant decrease with Na⁺and K⁺ also a non-significant variation was observed with Cl⁻ and creatinine in AMI and diabetes patients compared to control group.

Heart failure (HF) incidence could cause further complications to other body organs, which might sometimes be fatal, and is accompanied by various biochemical alterations i.e. enzymatic changes. The objective of this study was to measure the activity of gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) as an early diagnostic indicator for HF patients; and to isolate the iso-enzymes for the purpose of finding the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and the maximum velocity Vmax of each iso-enzymes which enable follow up the development of HF disease. Samples of blood sera were collected from 120 patients of both genders (70 males and 50 female, aged 30 -38 years old). Partial purification of iso-enzyme GGT was performed by precipitation, gel filtration, and ion exchange of the two iso-enzyme (I and II). The purity of the enzyme was confirmed by using Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryl amide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) into two clear bands. The results were compared with other 80 samples of healthy volunteers whose ages ranged between 25 -78 years old, used as control. There has been a significant increase (p ≤ 0.01) in the activity of the enzyme GGT in the heart failure patient (66.9 ± 1.7 IU/L) in comparison with control (12.07 ± 0.60 IU/L). It is concluded that measurements of the iso-enzyme GGT could well benefit as a clear indicator criteria in prognosis of heart failure.

Objective: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women next to cervical cancer. Multiple factors are associated with an increased risk of developing breast carcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hormonal and biochemical parameters of pre-and postmenopausal women affected with breast cancer. Methods: This study included 30 patients with per-treatment BC stage III consisted of (15 premenopausal and 15 postmenopausal women), also 40 women (20 premenopausal and 20 postmenopausal) were age matched apparently healthy control subjects on routine checkup. Premenopausal women (patients and control) were age ranged (40±8) years and postmenopausal women with mean age ranged (60±10) years. Patients and control have biochemical assay of lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase , superoxide dismutase , prolactin , estrogen and lipid profile (total cholecterol, triacylglycerol, high density lipoprotein-cholecterol, very low density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol). Samples were collected from January 2017 to June 2017 of Tikrit Teaching Hospital. Results and Conclusions:-Levels of lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase , prolactin , estrogen and lipid profile (except high density lipoprotein-cholecterol ) were increased in serum of pre-and postmenopausal patients when compared with control but superoxide dismutase and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol , were decreased in serum of pre-and pos-tmenopausal patients when compared with control . These data showed that lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase, superoxide dismutase, estrogen and triacylglycerol will be reliable markers in breast cancer and can be used as differential diagnostic in both of pre-and postmenopausal women.