Behavioral and psychosocial variables contribute to a fuller understanding of BMI status of low-income women during the first postpartum year.

Low-income ethnic minority women have a higher vulnerability to postpartum weight gains or plateaus. High depressive symptoms occurred in all ethnic groups examined.

Sacks, 1966;1967), through a body of work examining calls to the emergency services (e.g. Whalen & Zimmerman, 1987;Zimmerman, 1992); to studies spanning a wide range of types of helpline, including -inter alia -those concerned with health, psychological wellbeing, relationships, law, finance, technology, and provision of utilities and other consumer services.Symposia in Aalborg, Denmark (2000) and Riva del Garda, Italy (2005) Most of the interactional research on helplines has been concerned with specifying the conversational practices through which 'seeking help' and 'providing help' are accomplished -in other words, it has been essentially descriptive. However, alongside the continuing specification of helpline practices, researchers are beginning to apply what we know in order to improve telephone helpline effectiveness.

Prior conversation analytic research has demonstrated that when, following a sequence-initiating action, a response is relevantly missing (or is forthcoming but is apparently inadequate), speakers may use a range of practices for pursuing a response (or a more adequate response). These practices--such as response prompts, preference reversals, or turn extensions-treat the missing (or inadequate) response as indicative of some problem, and they may either expose or mask the response pursuit and the problem they attempt to remediate. This article extends this prior research by showing that speakers can also use repair technology-specifically, repair of an indexical reference-as a resource for pursuing a response. It demonstrates that speakers can use repair of indexicals, particularly when no uncertainty as to the referent seems possible, in order to pursue a response while obscuring some other possible source of trouble. Initiating repair on an indexical reference in transition space claims that a missing response is due to a problem of understanding or of recognizing the reference, and by repairing it, the speaker makes available another opportunity for a response without exposing recipient disinclination as the possible source of the trouble. Likewise, repairing an indexical reference in the third turn can pursue a more adequate response, while avoiding going on record as doing so, by treating the sequence-initiating turn as the source of the trouble. We show that, by ostensibly dealing with problems of reference, repairs on indexicals manage (covertly) other more interactionally charged issues, such as upcoming disagreement or misalignment between interlocutors.Conversation analytic research on repair has shown that repair practices can accomplish actions beyond managing troubles in speaking, hearing, or understanding: for example, adumbrate disalignment, disaffiliation, or disagreement (e

The findings indicate support for the validity of the PAR as a measure of physical activity with low-income postpartum mothers when scored according to the Welk algorithm. On average, low-income postpartum women in this study did not meet recommendations for amount of moderate or high intensity physical activity.