word count: 244 19Manuscript word count: 3256 20 17.1%). MIVC also tended to be higher at 60 h post (P=0.051; ES=0.85; 95% CI= −0.4 to 37 11.1%). MS was 26.5% lower in PCM cold vs. PCM warm at 36 h (P=0.02; ES=1.7; 95% CI= 38 −50.4 mm to −16.1 mm) and 24.3% lower at 60 h (P=0.039; ES=1.1; 95% CI= −26.9 mm to 39 −0.874 mm). There were no between condition differences in post-match CMJ height or 40 BAM+ (P>0.05). The BFQ revealed that players felt the PCM cold was more effective than the 41 PCM amb after the intervention (P=0.004). 42Conclusions: PCM cooling garments provide a practical means of delivering prolonged post-43 exercise cooling and thereby accelerating recovery in elite soccer players. 44 45
Post-exercise cryotherapy treatments are typically short duration interventions. This study examined the efficacy of prolonged cooling using phase change material (PCM) on strength loss and pain after eccentric exercise. Eight adults performed 120 bilateral eccentric quadriceps contractions (90% MVC). Immediately afterwards, frozen PCM packs (15°C) were placed over the quadriceps, with room temperature PCM packs on the contralateral quadriceps. Skin temperature was recorded continually (6 h PCM application). Isometric quadriceps strength and soreness were assessed before, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post-exercise. The protocol was repeated 5 months later, with room temperature PCM applied to both legs. There were three treatments: legs treated with 15°C PCM packs (direct cooling), legs treated with room temperature PCM packs contralateral to the 15°C PCM packs (systemic cooling), and legs tested 5 months later both treated with room temperature PCM packs (control). Skin temperature was 9°C-10°C lower with direct cooling versus systemic cooling and control (P < 0.01). Strength loss and soreness were less (P < 0.05) with direct cooling versus systemic cooling and control (strength 101%, 94%, 93%, respectively; pain 1.0, 2.3, 2.7, respectively). Six hours of PCM cooling was well tolerated and reduced strength loss and pain after damaging exercise.
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