Late Cretaceous fish debris from Demerara Rise exhibits a dramatic positive excursion of 8 Ej^j units during ocean anoxic event 2 (OAE2) that is superimposed on extremely low Ej^jj,) values (-14 to -16.5) observed throughout the rest of the studied interval. The OAE2 E[,j excursion is the largest yet documented in marine sediments, and the majority of the shift is estimated to have occurred over <20 k.y. Low background E^j values on Demerara Rise are explained as the Nd isotopic signature of the South American craton, whereas eruptions of the Caribbean large igneous province or enhanced mixing of intermediate waters in the North Atlantic could have caused the excursion.

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Throughout Florida’s history, humans have altered the coastlines, leading to large-scale degradation of coastal ecosystems. This has led to the loss of associated ecosystem services, including products such as food and timber, and processes like coastal protection and disease control. Unfortunately, ecosystem restoration efforts have not always been a priority for coastal management. This 10-page literature review surveys the available ecosystem-service valuation literature for five of Florida’s coastal natural communities—oyster reefs, beach dunes, mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and salt marshes—to facilitate the quantification of ecosystem services to provide a better measure of the full impact of restoration efforts. Written by Susanna Blair, Carrie Adams, Tom Ankersen, Maia McGuire, and David Kaplan, and published by the UF Department of Sea Grant, January 2015. (UF/IFAS photo by Tyler Jones) TP-204/SG134: Ecosystem Services Valuation for Estuarine and Coastal Restoration in Florida (ufl.edu)