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A future-oriented and sustainable "Leasing Society" is based on a combination of new and innovative serviceoriented business models, changed product and material ownership structures, increased and improved eco-design efforts, and reverse logistic structures. Together these elements have the potential to change the relationship between producers and consumers, and thereby create a new incentive structure in the economy regarding the use and re-use of resources. While the consumer in a leasing society buys a service (instead of a product), the producer in a leasing society retains the ownership of the product (instead of selling it) and sells the service of using the product. This creates producer incentives to re-use, remanufacture, and recycle products and materials and could become a cornerstone of the circular economy, depending on how the leasing society is implemented. While a predominantly positive picture of the success of a leasing society model and related business cases emerges from the bigger part of the available literature, this paper argues that the resource efficiency of respective business cases is highly dependent on the specific business case design. This paper develops a more cautious and differentiated definition of the leasing society by discussing relevant mechanisms and success factors of leasing society business cases. The leasing society is discussed from a micro business-oriented and a macro environment-oriented perspective complemented by a discussion of conditions for successful business models that reduce environmental impacts and resource footprints.

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The climate change has already changed the Basel policies: after the climate emergency resolution of the city parliament in 2019, the delegates demanded a climate smart policy in all fields of the Basel administration. A comprehensive strategy how to deal shot-termed with climate adaption was demanded, besides the boost of all ongoing activities for climate mitigation and decarbonisation. As a result, the climate change was placed as one of the top three priorities of Basel legislation. In 2021 the Urban Planning Devision of Basel administration completed the Urban Climate Adaption Concept; the concept was adopted by the city council as a compulsory document. The Urban Climate Adaption Concept gives the Basel urban planning devision a road map to face the climate challenges on a strategic and already on an implemention level.A high number of vulnerable inhabitants to climate change impacts are identified in Basel. A historical middle european city with an extremly dense urban structure and short of parks and green spaces faces the rising temperatures over drastically. In order to meet the requirements of climate adaption short-termed immediate measures will be realised in next summer. With mobile and temporary water fountains, water pools, tree pots, greened pergolas, and shade elements inhabitants and visitors should find cool and shaded public space protected from extreme heat. Even if these immediate measures could not have a crucial impact on the climate change, they are worthwhile to protect the living quality in urban neighbourhoods. The responsible Basel administration of urban planning is still in the beginning to face effectivly climate change adaption. On the basis of a clear political commitment of the city council and demanding politics, the projects develop very fast, know-how transfer is required, and lessons learned by other cities are of major interest.