Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANET) are being installed in a wide range of applications like military scenarios, rescue operations, data and device networks etc. Many of these networks uses battery operated nodes. A major requirement of these networks is to wisely utilize the battery power of nodes, so that the nodes can actively participate in process of communication for maximum time span without partitioning the network. This will result into maximum network lifetime which is again main goal in ad hoc routing algorithms. To achieve this we proposed an optimized Energy Efficient Hybrid Routing Protocol (EE-HRP) which uses routing strategy that seeks to find the best balance between minimizing the power consumption and evenly using all nodes within the network to avoid early exhaustion of individual node. In EE-HRP we use multiple threshold values for remaining battery power of nodes and assign different role of each node depending on remaining battery power of the node using our Node Energy Monitoring Algorithm (NEMA). Here we also make use of our previously designed algorithm Zone Head Selection Algorithm (ZHSA) which is used to select maximum energy node as Zone Head (ZH). By doing so we prevent nodes from early battery exhaustion which results to increase network lifetime to some extent. The key factor governing the performance of optimized EE-HRP are theoretically analyzed and evaluated. The simulation results are compared with some MANET routing protocols in different network scales, taking into consideration the power consumption. The theoretical analysis and simulation results shows that our proposed optimized EE-HRP reduces total power consumption, reduces end-to-end delay, increases packet delivery ratio and achieves maximum network lifetime.

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Mobile ad hoc network is highly dynamic and distributed in nature hence routing is one of the key issues in it. In particular, designing efficient algorithm for routing may be the most important criteria for MANETs since mobile nodes have limited battery capacity. This results in short continuous operations which is the general constraint in wireless communication. Power failure of a mobile node may affect its ability to forward packets on behalf of other nodes and thus the overall lifetime of the network. For this reason, many research efforts have been devoted to developing energy aware routing protocols. Here a survey on energy efficient routing protocols for wireless Ad-Hoc networks is presented. This discussion is centered on proposed energy efficient routing algorithms. Here analysis of some conventional protocols has been done and some modifications have been suggested to make these protocols energy efficient and to overcome the shortcomings in these protocols.

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Natural and friendly interface is critical for the development of service robots. Gesture-based interface offers a way to enable untrained users to interact with robots more easily and efficiently. Robots are, or soon will be, used in such critical domains as search and rescue, military battle, mine and bomb detection, scientific exploration, law enforcement, and hospital care. Such robots must coordinate their behaviors with the requirements and expectations of human team members; they are more than mere tools but rather quasi-team members whose tasks have to be integrated with those of humans. In this sense, this paper goal is to present a method which is used for Posture recognition technique applied in ubiquitous computing and used the efficient bio inspired posture recognition algorithm for our proposed scheme. Here we present a scheme which reduces the size of the database which is used to store different postures of human beings which are used by robot as commands. The picture frame may divide into different scan lines and pixel color value under these scan lines are examined to guess the particular posture of user. The robot may use this as command and act accordingly.