Objective: Delirium is common in older hospitalized patients and may indicate a life- threatening condition, where a prompt and appropriate evaluation is required for assessment and prevention of the disease which should be done at the time of admission and continue throughout the hospital stay. The present study was undertaken to evaluate delirium in elderly (>65 years) hospitalized patients in a tertiary care hospital and to monitor outcome after 1 month. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of General Medicine of M.K.C.G. Medical College and hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India from August 2019 to September 2021. After clinical evaluation and diagnosis as delirium patients using (confusion assessment method) score, 50 patients (65 years and above) were selected for the study. Patients with dementia, any psychiatric condition, trauma, intoxication, and poisoning were excluded from the study. They were evaluated for etiology and then followed up for 1 month for outcome. Results: In this present study of 50 patients, 33 were male and 17 were female. About 64% belong to age group 65–75 years. Most common type of delirium was hyperactive (40%). The most common etiologies were hyponatremia (38%), infection (22%), and cerebrovascular accident (16%). Majority of population had both type 2DM (diabetes mellitus) and HTN (Hypertension) (38%). Overall recovery rate was better in metabolic causes (89.4%), most fatal was uremia followed by intracranial bleed. Lower (Glasgow coma scale) score at the time of admission indicates poor prognosis. Conclusion: Delirium in elderly patients is a medical emergency which needs prompt diagnosis and evaluation helping the family and physicians for better management with a good prognosis.

Objective: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the third most common cause of heart failure (HF) and is the most common cardiomyopathy. The present study was undertaken with the aim to study the different clinical presentations of dilated cardiomyopathy, to correlate echocardiography findings with different clinical presentations and to find out the variables which determine the poor outcomes.   Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine of MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India from November 2019 to November 2021. Fifty cases of dilated cardiomyopathy (28 males & 22 females), diagnosed on clinical and echocardiography criteria in the Department of General Medicine and Cardiology were selected for the study.   Results: Out of 50 cases, there were 28(56%) males and 22(44%) females giving male to female ratio 1.27:1. Forty (80%) were idiopathic. Dyspnea was most common presenting clinical feature in 43(86%) cases. In echo study, maximum number of cases (n=21, 42%) were having ejection fraction (EF) in the range of 36-40% and maximum number of cases (n=26, 52%) had severe fractional shortening (FS).   Conclusion: DCM is one of the commonest causes of heart failure and is most common type of cardiomyopathy found in middle aged and elderly male population. Biventricular failure followed by left ventricular failure was the most frequent clinical presentation. Early identification and treatment are very essential to improve cardiac function and alleviate patient symptomology.