A Gram-positive-staining, filamentous bacterial strain that developed cylindrical sporangia containing four oval-to rod-shaped spores at the ends of short sporangiophores on branched aerial mycelium was isolated from tropical rainforest soil near a hot spring. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, glutamic acid and alanine as cell-wall amino acids; the whole-cell hydrolysate contained rhamnose, madurose, glucose, galactose and 3-Omethylmannose as whole-cell sugars. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H 4 ). Mycolic acids were not detected. The diagnostic phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C 16 : 0 and 10-methylated C 17 : 0 . The G+C content of the DNA was 71

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Kutzneria buriramensis sp. nov., isolated from soil, and emended description of the genus Kutzneria A Gram-staining-positive, filamentous bacterium, which developed large globose sporangia at the ends of long sporangiophores on aerial mycelium, was isolated from dry soil collected in a deciduous forest in Thailand. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of the novel bacterium, which was designated strain A-T 1846 T , contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell sugars comprised rhamnose, ribose, mannose, glucose and galactose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H 4 ). Mycolic acids were not detected. The identified phospholipids were phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C 16 : 0 , iso-C 16 : 0 2-OH and C 16 : 0 10-methyl. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72 mol%. The phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the novel strain resembled those of established members of the genus Kutzneria. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences also indicated that this strain belonged to the genus Kutzneria but as a representative of a putative novel species. In hybridization experiments, the DNA-DNA relatedness values recorded between the novel strain and established members of the genus Kutzneria all fell well below 70 %. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic evidence and the results of the DNA-DNA hybridizations, strain A-T 1846 T represents a novel species in the genus Kutzneria, for which the name Kutzneria buriramensis sp. nov. is proposed.