Recent studies have questioned the safety of calcium antagonists in general, and short-acting dihydropyridine derivatives in particular. Reasons include excessive catecholamine stimulation after stress. We therefore wanted to assess whether amlodipine, a second generation dihydropyridine with a prolonged plasma half-life, would show a more favourable haemodynamic and biochemical profile after strenuous exercise. For this purpose, we studied 9 healthy volunteers in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. After 10 days of amlodipine, 5 mg orally daily or placebo therapy, volunteers performed a treadmill effort test; the sequence was repeated after a 2-week washout period. Amlodipine caused a significant increase in mean resting heart rate (HR) (from 65 +/- 3 to 70 +/- 3 beats/min, p < 0.05), without changing systolic or diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP). Post-exercise haemodynamic responses were similar while on amlodipine or placebo therapy. Amlodipine did not alter the normal profile of resting or exercise-induced metabolic [plasma glucose, serum K+, serum free fatty acid (FFA)] and hormonal [plasma cortisol, growth hormone, prolactin, insulin, epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NE)] responses--although plasma EPI concentrations dropped significantly lower (p < 0.05) at 5 min and 15 min post-exercise while on the calcium antagonist. We conclude that amlodipine has a largely neutral effect on the physiological profile after brisk exercise in healthy young subjects and that this may prove to be a useful property for a vasodilator drug.
Changes in oxygen consumption rate and Na ? / K ? -ATPase activity during early development were studied in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus Lam. The oxygen consumption rate increased from 0.12 lmol O 2 mg protein -1 h -1 in unfertilized eggs to 0.38 lmol O 2 mg protein -1 h -1 25 min after fertilization. Specific activity of the Na ? /K ? -ATPase was significantly stimulated after fertilization, ranging up to 1.07 lmol P i h -1 mg protein -1 in the late blastula stage and slightly lower values in the early and late pluteus stages.
1 Gradski zavod za hitnu medicinsku pomoć, Beograd, Srbija 2 Dom zdravlja Pirot, Srbija Kratak sadržajUvod. Godine 2006. Gradski zavod za hitnu medicinsku pomoć (HP) u Beogradu je počeo da koristi "Indeks urgentnog zbrinjavanja" (Index), uputstvo za rad na telefonskoj centrali 194. Index se sastoji od "start strane" i 38 grupa tegoba, stanja i definisanih pitanja koja operater mora da postavi pozivaocu zavisno na koje tegobe ukazuje. Tegobe koje navede operater na telefonskom broju 194 ne slažu se uvek sa onim tegobama na koje se žali pacijent lekaru HP koji je pored njega. Često ne postoji slaganje između procene hitnosti operatera na telefonskoj centrali i lekara uz pacijenta. Cilj rada je bio da se analizira uticaj Index-a na tačno prepoznavanje tegoba, kao i na broj crvenih poziva i pravilnu procenu hitnosti stanja pacijenta koju daje operater.Metode. Analiziran je rad jednog lekara na terenu u periodu od 14.05.2003. godine do 17.02.2012. godine u kom su izvršene 6324 intervencije koje su podeljene u tri grupe: pre primene Index-a, neposredno posle uvođenja Index-a, kao i tokom njegove kasnije upotrebe.Rezultati. Slaganje tegoba pacijenta koje je registrovao operater i onih koje je utvrdio lekar bilo je 80% u prvom, 85% u drugom i 90% u trećem periodu u kojima je pregledano po 2108 pacijenata. Broj crveno označenih poziva je po periodima bio 81, 1015 i 247. Procentualno slaganje procene crvene hitnosti operatera na telefonu 194 sa procenom lekara na terenu povećalo se u drugom periodu da bi se u trećem periodu praktično vratilo na stanje u prvom periodu.Zaključak. Rastući procenat dobro procenjenih tegoba i crvenih poziva operatera direktna su posledica korišćenja Index-a.Ključne reči: hitna medicinska pomoć, Beograd, prijem poziva, hitnost, Indeks urgentnog zbrinjavanja Adresa autora: Prim. dr Slavoljub Živanović Mrakovička 25/26,
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