In the Netherlands, there is an increasing need for collective forms of housing for older people. Such housing bridges the gap between the extremes of living in an institutionalised setting and remaining in their own house. The demand is related to the closure of many residential care homes and the need for social engagement with other residents. This study focuses on housing initiatives that offer innovative and alternative forms of independent living, which deviate from mainstream housing arrangements. It draws on recent literature on healthcare ‘rebels’ and further develops the concept of ‘rebellion’ in the context of housing. The main research question is how founders dealt with challenges of establishing and governing ‘rebellious’ innovative living arrangements for older people in the highly regulated context of housing and care in the Netherlands. Qualitative in-depth interviews with 17 founders (social entrepreneurs, directors and supervisory board members) were conducted. Founders encountered various obstacles that are often related to governmental and sectoral rules and regulations. Their stories demonstrate the opportunities and constraints of innovative entrepreneurship at the intersection of housing and care. The study concludes with the notion of ‘responsible rebellion’ and practical lessons about dealing with rules and regulations and creating supportive contexts.
Inleiding'U heeft dus, samen met uw collega's op school, de schoolleiding en uw schoolbestuur, zélf de ruimte om keuzes te maken. Keuzes die passen in uw visie op onderwijs en op wat het beste is voor uw leerlingen. Er is dus meer ruimte in regels dan u misschien wel denkt.' (Onderwijsinspectie, 2017, 7)
In de entreehal van het Pietje Bell huis in Rotterdam -vernoemd naar de kwajongen uit de gelijknamige kinderboekenserie -staat met grote zwarte letters op een witte muur:
Rechtschapen, dwars en eigenzinnig28 september 2017. Het Pietje Bell huis is open. Pietje Bell, rechtschapen, dwars, vechtend tegen onrecht. Hij is rolmodel voor even eigenzinnige als ook maatschappelijk bewuste organisatie (…). Met het Pietje Bell huis komen er twee nieuwe zorgrebellen bij: 'Thomas op Kamers' en 'De ZorgButler'. Zij helpen mensen die het thuis niet redden, maar wel zelfstandig willen blijven leven. Kenmerkend is dat de zorgondernemers ook nu weer dwars tegen de stroom van het traditionele denken ingaan. Ook zij zijn de Pietje Bell van de zorg!
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