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AbstractTraditionally, downhole porosity measurements are made through nuclear/acoustic logs (both wireline and logging-while-drilling) and cores.In homogeneous carbonates, log porosity is generally a good substitute for core data. However, in heterogeneous carbonates with complex pore systems resulting from leaching/dissolution, cementation, and dolomitization, discrepancies exist between log-and core-derived porosity. Moreover, thin-bedded layers of high and low porosity, which are found to have a pronounced effect on reservoir production, are routinely unidentifiable on conventional logs because of their limited vertical resolution capabilities (2-3 feet).An innovative methodology has been developed to generate a porosity log with a minimum vertical resolution of 0.2 inch that also takes into account the azimuthal heterogeneities of the carbonate reservoir exposed in a wellbore. To achieve the high-resolution porosity log and entire porosity spectrum around the well, borehole images are used as external constraints after calibration with log porosity and resistivity. This methodology has significant applications in carbonate reservoir characterization. First, the identification of thin intervals of very high (related to high permeability) and low (dense, stylolitic) porosity is possible. Second, vuggy and moldic porosity can be quantified, and third, carbonate facies and reservoir rock types can be characterized. Several case studies from the U.Cretaceous I L. Cretaceous reservoirs and Upper Thamama Reservoirs highlight the effectiveness of the methodology to characterize porosity heterogeneity. Known porosity variations from core and mercury injection data confirm the heterogeneity demonstrated on the high-resolution porosity log. Since most carbonate reservoirs exhibit considerable porosity heterogeneity, this methodology has significant potential application to improve reservoir characterization in many areas.
The idea for the Arnhem Land Expedition originated in 1945 when Mountford was on a lecture tour of the United States, organised by his employer, the Commonwealth Department of Information. During this tour, which commenced just after Christmas in 1944, Mountford recorded an extraordinary 4000 pages in his journal, and described in detail the events leading to the suggestion of an expedition to Arnhem Land. The tour included a pivotal presentation to the National Geographic Society (NGS) at Constitution Hall in Washington, DC. Mountford referred to the crowd of more than 4000 as the 'intelligensia [sic] of Washington' and remarked that one could not buy a ticket to such a show. 4
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