The results of the present clinical study confirm the effectiveness of brachytherapy for iris and iridociliary melanomas, which implies that tumor is well locally controlled and radiation-related complications are moderate and curable. This method of local tumor destruction can be another alternative to enucleation in cases when local tumor excision cannot be performed.

Purpose To determine diagnostic features of the primary and residual retinoblastoma documented by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods 21 children with retinoblastoma were examined by OCT to analyze the changes in the retina before and during the different stages of treatment. In 21 eyes 36 foci have been examined: 9 were with primary retinoblastoma, 12 –residual tumours, 12‐ chorioretinal scar after local treatment by methods of brachytherapy and TTT, 3 ‐ calcified focus. Results Tomographical features of the primary retinoblastoma were: thickening of retina at the level of the inside layers was up to 645 ± 77,02 microns (р<0,001) – 9. In 9 cases there was no differentiation but there was homogeneity of structure of retinal inside layers in the tumour centre. The chorioretinal scar after сhemotherapy and local treatment (12 patients) on tomograms were diagnosed as a flat bright red hyperreflective stripe replacing all layers of a retina. In 3 patients calcified focus was characterized by raised bright red hyperreflective layer under which the effect of a shade was marked on tomograms. In 12 patients with residual tumours the absence of differentiation of the inside layers of retina with the effect of a shade under undifferentiated inside layers of a retina, elevation of the inside layers of the retina into the vitreous, equal choroidal profile and on the periphery ‐ bright red flat hyperreflective retina were diagnosed. Conclusion The OCT allows to reveal changes in retina and to diagnose tumoral, paunch, calcified tissue at primary and residual retinoblastoma that is necessary for definition of further tactics of treatment.

Purpose Retinoblastoma (RB) is one of the most serious ophthalmic pathology in childhood. Treatment options that provide eye preservation include chemotherapy, brachytherapy, external beam radiation, cryotherapy and laser treatment. The aim of our study is to evaluate efficiency of transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) as a part of combined treatment of RB. Methods Our group consists of 30 RB patients (34 eyes). All patients received systemic chemotherapy (Carboplatin and Vincristine). Tumor thickness before TTT varied from 0.9 to 2.6 mm, tumor base diameter varied from 2 to 10 mm. Seven patients had monolateral RB, others had bilateral lesion. Five patients were treated with brachytherapy before TTT. TTT was performed using infrared diode laser Nidec DC 3300. Exposure time was 60 seconds. Width of laser beam was from 1000 to 2000 nm. TTT power setting varied from 600 to 900 mW. Eleven patients had TTT more then once. Follow‐up period after TTT was up to 24 months. Results Control examination after TTT showed good response to the treatment in 27 eyes (79.4%).After TTT we saw hyperpigmented scar on the eye fundus at the place of previous tumor location, on OCT it looked like hyper‐reflective stripe replacing all layers of a retina. Seven eyes (20.6%) were resistant to TTT, five of them were successfully treated by additional brachytherapy. Two eyes were enucleated because of uncontrolled tumor growth. Evaluation of metastatic disease in all patients revealed no signs of metastasis at the time of treatment or during follow‐up. Conclusion TTT can be used in combined treatment of RB for small multifocal lesions. The method is rather simple and uncomplicated. Patients treated with TTT have better visual prognosis in comparison with brachytherapy.

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