Comprensión de los nudos institucionales en el abordaje de la violencia contra las mujeres en la pareja: aportes de una lectura feminista a la experiencia chilena Resumen El presente artículo explora las limitaciones concernientes a una concepción hegemónica de violencia, género y sexualidad en el abordaje chileno sobre violencia contra las mujeres en la pareja. Interesa recorrer algunos nudos de la práctica institucional, explorando su relación a la noción de víctima en la escucha testimonial de las mujeres. Desde nuestra perspectiva estos nudos han contribuido a tensionar las reflexiones provenientes del feminismo, que hace tres décadas demanda deconstruir la inteligibilidad del fenómeno. Palabras clave: violencia de género; violencia doméstica; dispositivo jurídico; victimización; feminismos

We analyze how the interactions between the trans population and the Chilean healthcare system shape specific processes of malaise associated with gender transition (“tránsito de género”). Adopting psychoanalytic and transfeminist conceptual approaches, as well as a biographical methodology, we examine autobiographical narratives of three trans subjects. We discuss three topics: childhood as a critical period for gender transition and malaise; the role of institutions; and the ways through which subjects manage malaise. We argue that trans subjects face specific sociocultural conditions that lead to unique processes of malaise associated with gender transition. We show how politicization and the construction of an institutional framework, bodily aesthetical modifications, and the self-administration of medical knowledge emerge as some of the paths to navigate the gender transition process. Besides, we foreground the notion of “transitioning” (“transicionar”) by considering the criticism voiced by the participants. By using this notion, they interrogate the rigidity and psychopathologization of identity that is implicitly present in the notion of gender transition, as well as they enrich the transfeminist discourse in favor of their agency/autonomy.

This paper analyzes the changes in subjective well‐being (SWB) in 11 Latin American cities at the end of the acceleration phase of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the variables that influenced these changes, and the role of the public support policies and the social capital on SWB recovery. This study, the second of a two‐phase research project, is a survey‐based comparative analysis. The 5604 survey responses obtained included 3279 observations from the research project's preceding phase, and 2325 observations conducted as part of the second project phase and current study. A multivariate linear regression model was used to evaluate the impact of the different variables related to COVID‐19 on people's SWB. Results show that the most significant positive impacts on SWB, are attributed to social capital, particularly family and social cohesion. The study confirms that the level of SWB is strongly associated with personality traits, health, and key variables such as age, marital status, and income. The different measures established to control the pandemic have not remedied the negative impacts of COVID‐19 on people's SWB. However, an increase in different degrees of SWB was observed in 10 out of the 11 cities between the initial survey and the follow‐up survey.

A partir de una investigación precedente en el presente artículo nos interesa discutir la posición que adquieren las mujeres que han experimentado violencia de pareja en su cruce con el campo jurídico, asumiendo el interés por fortalecer una perspectiva contextual, multidimensional y compleja del problema. Se parte de conceptualizar una noción de violencia en conexión con una matriz binaria sexo/género como dispositivo de poder, lo cual nos permite abordar el problema de la violencia de género desde la noción de violencia estructural. Conceptualización que nos conduce, a su vez, a analizar cómo la propia experiencia de las mujeres que denuncian ante la institucionalidad jurídica por situaciones de violencia contra ellas, es capturada por un dispositivo de persecución que tecnifica, reduce y reconduce la demanda subjetiva/política. Captura cuyo efecto final es nutrir al propio dispositivo de control de género, a través de la imposición de un ideal jurídico de víctima que termina revictimizando a las mujeres.

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