Background: The development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a high risk of death. Published data demonstrate the possibility of severe kidney injury in patients suffering from COVID-19. However, these data are still controversial. Methods: A total of 1,280 patients with a proven diagnosis of COVID-19 were included in our study. COVID-19 was confirmed in all patients using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test of a nasopharyngeal swab, and based on the typical computed tomography findings. Demographic data, underlying comorbidities, and laboratory blood tests were assessed. We assessed the incidence of AKI and its associated mortality defined by survival status at discharge. Results: Proteinuria was identified with 648 patients (50.6%) with COVID-19. AKI was identified in 371 patients (29.0%). Ten of these patients (2.7%) required dialysis. The risk factors for AKI included age of > 65 years, augmentation of C-reactive protein, ferritin and an increase in values of activated partial thromboplastin time. Overall, 162 of the 1,280 hospitalized patients (12.7%) and 111 of the 371 patients (29.9%) with AKI did not survive. The hazard ratio (HR) for mortality was 3.96 (95% confidence interval, 2.83-5.54) for patients with AKI vs. no AKI. Conclusion: AKI was a relatively common finding among patients with COVID-19. The risk factors for AKI in COVID-19 included old age, the inflammatory response, the severity of lung involvement, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. These same factors, in addition to arterial hypertension, were found to increase the risk of mortality.
Introduction. Interferons are produced in response to the presence of pathogens in cells and are responsible for the proper formation of immune reaction. Preliminary data obtained in studies of properties of recombinant interferon gamma (IFN-γ) that involved patients with community-acquired pneumonia (including bacterial), acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI), influenza and new coronavirus infection have shown promising results.The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of subcutaneous administration of IFN-γ in patients with viral pneumonia on the changes of vital signs and the duration of hospital stay.Material and methods. An open-label, randomized, low-interventional study included patients with moderate new coronavirus infection COVID-19 over 18 years of age of both sexes. IFN-γ 500,000 IU was administered s/c, daily, once a day, during 5 days.Results. IFN-y in addition to complex therapy of the disease resulted in more favorable changes in the stabilization of vital signs, as well as in reduced length of fever and hospital stay by 2 days what allows suggesting a positive effect of this substance on the recovery processes in patients with moderate COVID-19. Special emphasis should be made to the fact that patients who received recombinant IFN- γ experienced no progression of respiratory failure and required no transfer to intensive care unit.Discussion. This study confirms earlier obtained data on the positive effect of IFN-y on the rate of clinical stabilization and recovery of patients with community-acquired pneumonia and viral infections. Presented results are limited to a small number of patients; further study of drug properties in post-marketing studies is required.Conclusion. Progress in the treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19 by adding recombinant IFN-γ to the complex therapy may reasonably expand the range of existing treatment options for this infection.
Финансирование. Исследование проведено при спонсорской поддержке ООО «НПП Фармаклон». Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов. Аннотация Введение. Гамма-интерферон занимает важное место в патогенезе бактериальных инфекций. Показано, что некоторые микроорганизмы и антибактериальные агенты могут специфически репрессировать синтез эндогенного гамма-интерферона. Следовательно, дополнительное воздействие экзогенного гаммаинтерферона может играть роль индуктора иммунной системы в условиях сниженного ответа на антибактериальную терапию. Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность и безопасность лекарственного препарата интерферона гамма в составе антибактериальной терапии у пациентов с внебольничной пневмонией. Материалы и методы исследования. Открытое рандомизированное контролируемое исследование в параллельных группах. Исследуемая группа пациентов получала в дополнение к базовой антибактериальной терапии гамма-интерферон, контрольная группа пациентов получала комбинированную антибактериальную терапию: цефтриаксон и азитромицин. Результаты исследования и обсуждение. Из 114 рандомизированных пациентов 110 полностью завершили исследование. Фактическое распределение пациентов выглядело следующим образом: 54 пациента-в исследуемой группе и 60 пациентов-в контрольной группе. Средняя длительность госпитализации в контрольной группе была достоверно более продолжительной почти на двое суток по сравнению с исследуемой. Аналогичная тенденция отмечена при анализе в субпопуляции бактериорезистентных пациентов, хотя по причине малой выборки пациентов не было достигнуто статистически значимых различий между группами. Анализ показателей изменения шкалы Борга относительно Визита скрининга показал статистически значимые отличия между группами в пользу исследуемой. К 8-10-му дням терапии снижение суммарного балла по шкале BCSS также достигало
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