Vizja Press&IT www.ce.vizja.pl 363The purpose of this article is to classify existing approaches to analyzing theoretical and methodological aspects of innovation development in modern economic systems. We also present a new approach based on existing ones that combines advantages, eliminates drawbacks, and offers means of analyzing innovation development in modern economic systems and that presents optimal models of innovation development in modern economic systems.The authors develop and approbate -based on the case of present-day Russia -proprietary methodologies for examining innovation development in modern economic systems. It involves the calculation of an index of innovation development that reflects current levels of innovation development in economic systems and possibilities and perspectives related to innovation development in economic systems in the near future.The authors classify approaches to the analysis of theoretical and methodological aspects of innovation development in modern economic systems as criteria on innovation development in economic systems. Within this classification, the authors distinguish between and conduct comparative analyses of the following three main approaches: plan-factual, ranking, and indexing, which involve making various theoretical assumptions on innovation development in modern economic systems and on the use of various methodologies.The authors present a new approach to the analysis of theoretical and methodological aspects of innovation development in modern economic systems that eliminate drawbacks of existing approaches and that present unique advantages (simple calculations and universal use). In turn, an optimal model of innovation development in modern economic systems is offered. IntroductionA priority of any modern economic system and global economy is to improve the population living standards.This first involves increasing rates of economic growth and GDP per capita, in turn improving the set of goods and services accessible to each consumer. Second, it involves the creation of innovations that satisfy public needs even while preserving rates of economic growth and creating a stable set of goods and services accessible to consumers. Both processes involve innovation development. Theoretical and Methodological Aspects of Innovation Development in Modern Economic SystemsABSTRACT O110, O320

The purpose of the article is to determine barriers and preconditions for reducing the differences in the level of development in the global economy's countries and to develop recommendations for solving the problem of the global economy's economic systems unification.In order to determine the gap between developed and developing countries, the authors use the comparative analysis method. In order to determine possibilities, problems, perspectives, and threats to overcoming the gap by developing countries, the authors use the SWOT-analysis method. For studying the global economy's economic development disproportions, this research uses specially developed proprietary analysis of gap depth in economic development.As a result of the analysis, the authors determined that the level of economic development of the most developed countries exceeds the level of developing countries by more than four times. This reflects a huge gap depth and a high level of differentiation for countries in the global economy.The authors conclude that barriers of unification of economic systems in the global economy are primarily related to socio-political factors. Preconditions to reducing the difference in level of economic development for countries in the global economy are predetermined by the influence of globalization and international integration of economic systems. ABSTRACT F63