O presente artigo tem por objetivo investigar as principais características de dois grupos de russos vindos ao Estado de São Paulo após a Segunda Guerra Mundial: os deslocados de guerra provenientes dos acampamentos para os deslocados na Europa; e os refugiados russos procedentes da China. Para isso foram realizadas uma sistematização e análise dos dados contidos no banco de dados sobre os deslocados de guerra em São Paulo, consolidado por Salles et al. (2013). A pesquisa revelou que a política brasileira da admissão dos deslocados de guerra enquanto mão de obra industrial teve seu impacto direto no perfil da população russa selecionada para imigrar ao país, que se dirigiu predominantemente à capital paulista. Os refugiados russos da China apresentavam perfil demográfico e social distinto, sendo um grupo com maior parcela de mulheres e crianças e empregado no setor de serviços. As características profissionais dos dois grupos determinaram sua distribuição pelos bairros de São Paulo. Enquanto os deslocados de guerra da Europa se dirigiram para os bairros periféricos e industriais, os russos da China instalaram-se nos bairros mais próximos ao centro da cidade.

The perception of Brazilian Portuguese (BP) mid vowels is mainly investigated by foreign researchers who work with learners of Brazilian Portuguese, native speakers of English or Spanish. In Brazil, this field has been poorly explored. This work contributes to filling this gap by investigating the perception of two Brazilian Portuguese minimal vowel pairs in the group of 103 native Russian speakers and nine French speakers, most of them residing in Brazil. The test has been designed to evaluate the perception of the mid high and low front vowels [e] - [ε], and the mid high and low back vowels [o] - [ɔ]. The test is conducted online and includes 30 trials distributed in three types of tasks: image identification (8 trials), vowel identification (4) and word discrimination (18). It also contains a short sociolinguistic questionnaire. Our findings indicate that native Russian speakers do not differentiate the Brazilian Portuguese mid vowels very well: the mean percentage of the correct answers in the Russophone group was 68%, while in the French group it was 87% and in the Brazilian control group 99%. No correlation was found between the percentage of correct answers and residence time in Brazil or type of language instruction. As next steps, we plan to investigate the differentiation of the Brazilian Portuguese open and close mid vowels by Russophones at the level of production. We also intend to create a training corpus and develop strategies for perception training of the Brazilian Portuguese mid vowels, monitoring their efficiency at different time points.

In Brazil, the learning of a second language (L2) by native Brazilian Portuguese speakers has been extensively explored, but studies on language processing and language interaction among bilinguals are quite recent. The late bilingualism of the first-generation immigrants has been studied mainly from the perspective of their difficulties in learning Brazilian Portuguese. Brazil has numerous communities of heritage speakers of many languages such as Japanese, German, Italian, Polish, Ukrainian, and Russian. However, the number of studies that focus on the bilingual speech of heritage speakers in Brazil is also quite limited. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the working memory in Russian-Brazilian Portuguese bilinguals as a function of the language and type of bilingualism. For this purpose, 49 first-generation Russophone immigrants and 28 older Russian heritage speakers, all residing in Brazil, were tested in Russian and Portuguese using a Month-Ordering task. We found that the working memory scores of the first-generation Russophone immigrants were not statistically different between both languages, but the median working memory score of the older Russian heritage speakers in Russian was 1.5-fold lower than in Portuguese. As next steps, we plan to verify the relation between the working memory capacity and narrative production abilities of the older Russian heritage-Brazilian Portuguese bilinguals in their heritage and societal languages.

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Resumo: O presente texto propõe investigar os documentos de identificação e de viagem (passaportes) como objetos materiais que acompanham, definem e moldam as jornadas dos sujeitos-em-movimento. Para tanto, são mobilizadas as considerações produzidas` no âmbito das viradas da mobilidade e materialista nas Ciências Sociais, que (re)integram a materialidade à pesquisa social. Por meio de um encontro etnográfico com os "papéis" de refugiados apátridas russos, preservados no arquivo de uma instituição de longa permanência para idosos em São Paulo, busca-se inserir os documentos na rede de atores para refletir sobre o papel que eles assumem na produção de cidadania e mobilidade reguladas.Palavras-chave: documento; apátridas; refúgio; carteira modelo 19; passaporte. Documents of the stateless: the materiality of migration journeys between regulated mobility and subversions of mobile subjects