Objective: To evaluate the characteristic transverse dental compensations in patients with facial asymmetry and mandibular prognathism and to compare features of dental compensations between two types of mandibular asymmetry using 3-dimensional (3D) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight adult patients with skeletal Class I (control group; n 5 33; 19 men and 14 women) or skeletal Class III with facial asymmetry (experimental group; n 5 45; 23 men and 22 women) were included. The experimental group was subdivided into two groups according to the type of mandibular asymmetry: translation type (T-type; n 5 20) and roll type (R-type; n 5 19). CBCT images were acquired before orthodontic treatment and 3D analyses were performed. Results: The transverse dental distance was significantly different between the two groups only at the palatal root apex of the maxillary first molar (P , .05). In the experimental group, the first molar axes were compensated significantly on both arches except the maxillary nondeviated side. The vertical molar heights were different between the two groups only on the maxillary arch (P , .001). The R-type showed greater mandibular ramal length difference and menton deviation than the T-type (P , .001). In the R-type, transverse compensation of the maxillary first molars was more obvious than with the T-type, which resulted in canting in the maxillary occlusal plane. Conclusions: Mandibular asymmetry with prognathism showed a characteristic transverse dental compensation pattern. The mandibular asymmetry type influenced the amount and direction of molar compensation on the maxillary arch. (Angle Orthod. 2016;86:421-430.)

Objective: To evaluate sequential images of the condylar position in relation to the glenoid fossa after orthognathic surgery in patients with facial asymmetry using cone beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 adult patients (11 men and 9 women; mean age, 22.1 6 4.02 years) with facial asymmetry who underwent sagittal split ramus osteotomy with rigid fixation were involved. Cone beam computed tomography scans were obtained before treatment (T0), 1 month before the surgery (T1), and 1 day (T2), 3 months (T3), 6 months (T4), and 12 months (T5) after the surgery. The condyle position was evaluated. Results: At 1 day after surgery (T2), the condylar position on both sides significantly changed posteriorly, inferiorly, and laterally, but no significant difference was observed between the nonaffected and affected sides. The condyle on the nonaffected side had a tendency to recover its preoperative position at 3 months after surgery (T3) and inclined slightly laterally up to 1 year after the surgery (T5). The condyle on the affected side returned more closely to the glenoid fossa than to its pretreatment position at 3 months after surgery (T3). Thereafter, it showed a more backward and downward position (T5). Conclusions: The overall condylar position after an orthognathic surgery in patients with facial asymmetry was relatively stable at 1 year after surgery. However, the condyle on the affected side during the first 3 months after surgery should be carefully monitored for surgical stability. (Angle Orthod. 2017;87:260-268)