Human trafficking in the Russian Federation is closely linked to irregular migration into which huge numbers

For the Russian

The inter-marriage market should be viewed not only as a demographic category but also as a socio-cultural phenomenon determined by international migration. After the collapse of the USSR, the scale of marriage migration from Russia began to increase sharply. Moreover, a significant share of this migration flow was women and girls. In this regard, the term “Russian wife” was formed in international practice and became kind of a brand. Women tried to find wealthy, attentive, caring companions who have no addiction to alcohol, in this regard; they were looking for husbands abroad. The increase in the scale of marriage migration stimulated the creation of a special infrastructure of the marriage market: marriage agencies, professional matchmakers, dating sites, etc. However, this led to the formation of the shadow sector of this market, which was represented by groups engaged in illegal activities related to trafficking. At the moment, Russian women can be found in many countries, but there are four priority areas of marriage migration: North American, European, Asian, and Middle East. Moving to another country, women hope for a prosperous, happy life, but they often face difficulties on the way of adaptation. Most often, such barriers are poor knowledge of the language, mental and cultural differences with a foreign husband. Misunderstanding often leads to a break-up in relations. However, even in the event of divorce, women are rarely return home and try to find a husband abroad again.

The article is devoted to the current aspects of demographic development in the EAEU member states in the context of studying the specifics of the reproductive and migratory behavior of young people in Russia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The modern generation of young people in post-Soviet countries over the past three decades has been influenced by various factors that have radically transformed their views on family, childbirth and migration. Their attitudes towards reproductive and migratory behavior will dominate the future demographic trends not only in each of the studied countries, but also in the Eurasian space as a whole. Therefore, a detailed study of the attitudes of the young and educated generation is the most important task of demographic and sociological sciences. Based on the results of a sociological survey conducted using a unified methodology, the article examines the features of reproductive and migratory behavior in countries at different stages of the “demographic transition.” It reveals the peculiarities of the respondents’ attitude from the three states to official marriage, age preferences for starting a family and giving birth to their first child. Reproductive judgments regarding anticipated and ideal number of children are identified. The use of the ranking method allowed to detect ​​the normative childbearing models in the three countries and the differences between them. The conclusion states that in all the states in question, the prevailing socio-economic conditions are an obstacle to the implementation of the existing ideal reproductive attitudes. The gender peculiarities of the views of young people in the three countries on extramarital unions, reproductive patterns and “planned childlessness” were noted. The article demonstrates that, with regard to the results of the study, in the next 25 to 30 years families in Russia will likely have a small number of children, in Kazakhstan—an average number, and reproductive behavior in Kyrgyzstan will likely retain its tendency towards having many children. The article also contains conclusions about specific migration attitudes based on the replies to questions about the preferred place to apply professional skills, create a family and have children. The dependence of migration attitudes on gender and country of residence has been revealed. Based on empirical data, the groups of respondents characterized by pragmatic, patriotic and antipatriotic migratory behavior have been identified. It was determined that young people who live in Kyrgyzstan are more focused on moving to a new place of residence, while all respondents are quite cosmopolitan in regard to the place of application of their professional skills, and students are most patriotic about the place to start a family.

The aim of the work is to analyze the modern trend of reducing absolute and relative abortion rates in Russia, as well as assessing this trend to preserve the reproductive potential and strengthen the socio-demographic security of Russia. It examines the scope, pace, and regional differentiation of abortions in recent years, and identifies prospects for reducing the incidence of pregnancy interruptions as a reserve for improving demographic development. Methods. The method of analytical analysis consisted in the selection and study of the content of domestic and foreign approaches to the subject of scientific interest, Rosstat data and regulatory documents. The statistical method allowed making calculations, which were the basis for illustrations of results of the project using a graphic method. The method of comparison and the rating method gave an idea of the spread of abortions in different periods of time, and also provided an opportunity to classify the subjects of Russia according to a number of indicators. Results. In 2017 the number of abortions was less than 700 thousand. Over the previous seven years, Russia has lost 1 million lives due to abortions. The maximum abortions accounted for the most "productive" age of 25-29 years. The proportion of this group of women in the total number of women who produced an abortion is 27-28 %. This indicates a more intensive abortive behaviour of this age group of women, the positive transformation of which could also contribute to a greater number of births. Conclusions. The implementation of a nationwide campaign to prevent abortions can help save an additional 130-150 thousand lives of newborns annually. For 10 years, this will allow to increase births in the country to the level of 1.3-1.5 million children. The article contributes to the scientific discussion and considers abortions and abortive culture as an additional reserve to improve the demographic situation in the future.