Background: In today's world, the upper cross syndrome is growing more common and becoming very prevalent among dental undergraduate practitioners. One of the most important conditions for which dentists seek physiotherapy treatment is neck pain. It is characterized by overactive pectoralis and trapezius muscles. It is frequently linked to poor posture in dental students' daily life, causing them to miss their work.Objectives: The first objective of our study was to find the efficacy of myofascial rollers and post-isometric relaxation technique along with conventional therapy for pain relief and correction of postural deviation in undergraduate dental students. And, the second objective of the study was to compare the effect of myofascial rollers and post-isometric relaxation techniques in upper cross syndrome.Methods: The study was conducted with pre-test and post-test methods. The study consisted of 80 participants who were included based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study sample was randomly assigned into two groups. Each group consisted of a total of 40 participants. Group A was treated using myofascial rollers and hot packs, and Group B was treated using the post-isometric relaxation technique and hot packs. Patients were asked to mark their intensity of pain on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale and an assessment of postural deviations (in mm) was noted through a plumb line in the posture grid. Posture assessment was done in lateral view. The protocol covered four weeks of treatment based on the defined protocol. Finally, the t-square test and Chi-square test were used to compare the difference in the result. Also, the level of significance was kept at <0.05.Result: Statistical analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics using student paired, unpaired, and chi-square test. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 27.0 (Released 2020; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States) was used. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale showed mean deviations of (4.15±1.29) for Group A and (3.30±1.01) for Group B. Plumb line assessment showed mean deviations of (9.09±4.31) for Group A and (6.33±2.36) for Group B. Also, Numerical Pain Rating Scale showed (t=3.26, p=0.002) and Plumb line deviation showed (t=3.57, p=0.001).Conclusion: Through our study, we conclude that statistically no significant differences were found in preintervention and post-intervention, but myofascial rollers gave better results as compared to the postisometric relaxation technique in alleviating pain and correcting postural deviation.

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Background: "Text neck" is a term coined to describe the posture created by leaning forward for lengthy periods of time, such as when reading and texting on a cellphone which has been linked to stress injuries. Neck pain, upper back discomfort, shoulder pain, frequent headaches, and greater curvature of the spine are all dangerous indications of text neck. According to a survey, 35% of smartphone users suffer from text neck syndrome. People between the ages of 15 and 18 are more likely to have neck pain. This protocol has been created that describes the design of comparative study to evaluate effectiveness of progressive resisted exercise along with conventional exercise and conventional exercise program alone in text neck syndrome. Methods: The participants (n=80) will be recruited in the study suffering from text neck syndrome and meeting the inclusion criteria. Two groups will be formed such that patients in group A will be treated with conventional therapy and group B will be treated with progressive resisted exercise (PRE) along with conventional therapy. The protocol will cover 4 weeks of treatment. In the rehabilitation period, we will evaluate the pain intensity, strength of neck muscles and functional activity. Our outcome measures will be- Numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) and Neck disability index (NDI). Discussion: Efficacy of the intervention will be evaluated by analyzing the pain intensity by using Numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) and level of functional disability by using Neck disability index (NDI). The result of the study will significantly provide affirmation on either using combination therapy of PRE with conventional exercise or conventional exercise alone.

Hip fractures are a growing concern around the world as the geriatric population increases rapidly. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of proximal femoral nailing on elderly. Despite the fact that intertrochanteric fracture fixation is generally successful, treatment is difficult when fixation fails. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of an evidence-based protocol designed for the treatment of failed intertrochanteric fractures. When treating an unstable intertrochanteric fracture, there is a lesser risk of implant failure and reoperation, as well as a better postoperative functional recovery is seen. But in some rare cases some implant failures are major and requires a long-term treatment. Intertrochanteric femur fractures, particularly those with unstable patterns, are increasingly being treated with intramedullary implants. Despite the widespread use of nails in the treatment of these fractures, perspectives on the proper length of an intramedullary nail differ. Long nails were created to alleviate the risk of diaphyseal fracture that came with prior short nail designs. The main aim is to govern the unstable nail fixation of the intertrochanteric femoral fractures.

Accurate measurement of muscle strength is essential to design proper strength training protocol and to find out the efficacy of prescribed strength training protocol on muscle performance. One Repetition Maximum (1RM) is a reliable mean for the measurement of muscle strength. Primary goal of this review article was to explore the methods used in various articles of research databases that investigate the accurate way of estimation of 1RM before the design of strength training protocol. Wide range databases were searched to address articles on prediction of 1RM mentioned in Scopus, Pubmed, MEDLINE, Web of science, Google scholar databases, Wiley online library. Accurate determination of 1RM is based on various variables like gender, age, familiarisation of exercises, selection of predicted load, parts of body assessed (upper or lower limbs), rest interval given between exercise attempt and number of repetitions with percentage of predicted load. Prediction of 1RM varies significantly across different research studies. Based on the articles reviewed, it can be concluded that accurate prediction of 1RM is important to quantify current muscle strength level before one begins with strength training protocol. Many research articles mentioned that calculation of 1RM consists of trial and error, and it can also result into delayed onset of muscle soreness of particular tested muscles. Accurate Prediction of 1RM is important to design strength training protocol and it is also used to find out the efficacy of strength training protocol on muscle performance.