Introduction: To thoroughly plan and execute any dental treatment, the anatomy of the dental root canals is of prime significance. Hence, in this systemic review, we intend to evaluate the cone beam computed and micro-computed tomographic presentations of the root canal morphologies of the secondary teeth. Materials and Methods: We conducted the search for the data from the online sources such as the “EMBASE,” “Pubmed,” “Scopus,” and other sources. Only human studies were collected. Terms searched were cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), micro-computed tomography, permanent teeth, and root canal morphology. The data extraction and meta-analysis were based on the PRISMA guidelines. Results: A total of 170 studies were initially considered for the study. After the application of the inclusion and the exclusion criteria, only ten studies were qualified for the study. In 2 studies, the comparison was done between the conical beam and the microtomograhic views for assessing the root canal anatomies. There were, however, three studies that did not conclude any significant relation between the two imaging systems. When the risk of bias was calculated for the ten studies, there were only low and moderate for the ten included studies. The pooled prevalence among the genders were 21.4% (14.0%–24.6% confidence interval [CI] 95%) and 25.3% (20.0%–30.7% CI 95%), respectively, with high heterogeneity values (= 99.30% and 98.50%, respectively), but no statistical significance ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Both the imaging systems CBCT and the microtomography can be used with accuracy in the evaluation of the anatomic variations of the human root canal. However, a definition is dependent on the voxel size.

Many factors play a critical role in getting the best restoration, such as cavity design, operator skill, type of restorative material etc. However, the weakest link in any restoration is the tooth restoration interface. Every effort should be made to design and prepare these marginal peripheries to create the most favourable relationship with each other and for the longevity of the restoration. The restoration can survive in the biological environment of the oral cavity only if the margins are closely adapted to the cavosurface finish line of the preparation. One of the important aspects of cavity design is the cavosurface marginal seal/design. This review paper highlights the different cavosurface margins suitable for various restorations and their importance.

Aim: This in vitro study aimed to compare the fracture resistance of simulated immature permanent teeth restored with apical plugs of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and bone cement. Methods: Forty-eight single-rooted human maxillary central incisors were selected and decoronated 6 mm above and 9 mm below the cementoenamel junction to simulate the immature teeth. Based on weight and homogeneity, the samples were distributed into three experimental groups (n = 12) and one control group (n = 12). In all the experimental group samples, a peeso reamer size 5 was stepped out 1 mm beyond the apex to enlarge the apices to a diameter of 1.5 mm. Apical plugs of MTA Plus (Prevest DenPro Limited, India), Biodentine (Septodont, France), and Bone cement (Surgical Simplex P, Stryker, Australia) were placed to 4 mm, and obturation was done using gutta-percha and AH Plus® sealer (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany). The force was applied at 45° angulation until fracture, using the universal testing machine. The results were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test at a 95% confidence level. Results: The Biodentine group showed a statistically higher fracture resistance value than the MTA Plus and bone cement group (P = 0.014 and P = 0.016, respectively). No statistically significant difference was reported between MTA Plus and the bone cement group. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, using Biodentine as an apical plug increases the fracture resistance of immature teeth. Bone cement can be used as a viable alternative to MTA.

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), commonly known as bone cement, is widely used in orthopaedic surgery, mainly for prosthesis fixation, stabilizing compressive vertebral fracture or filling bone defects. Bone cement is a potentially new repair material that has been investigated recently in dentistry because of its properties like low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility and resistance to a moist environment. In Endodontics, bone cement can be used as a furcation repair material, retrograde filling material and in apexification. Modified bone cements are introduced by adding fillers, adhesives, antibiotics, and nanoparticles that make it well suited as an endodontic repair material. This review paper highlights the importance of bone cement and its possible applications in Endodontics.

Introduction: For the complete removal of the intracanal debris and the infectious agents, the intracanal irrigation plays a significant role. Hence, in our study, we assessed the efficiency of diode laser in root canal disinfection. Materials and Methods: We conducted an in vitro study on 45 extracted single noncarious teeth. We equally divided the teeth into controls, Endovac, and diode laser. Later the mean colony-forming units (MCFU) of the Enterococcus faecalis were calculated and compared statistically. Results: We observed that the MCFU in the controls, Endovac, and diode laser was 10 8 /ml, 10 4 /ml, and 0, respectively, after the incubation. Conclusion: We can conclude that diode laser can be successful in irrigation of the root canals.