Background: Ankle sprains are common among physically active individuals, especially among athletes. Majority of those who suffer ankle sprains have residual symptoms including pain, episodes of giving way, compromised proprioception and neuromuscular control, and re-injury leading to chronic ankle instability. The aim of this study was to see the effect of chronic ankle sprain on pain, range of motion, proprioception, and, static and dynamic balance among athletes. Methods: A total of 80 athletes, aged 18 to 25 years, involved in track-and-field sports were invited to participate in this study. They were divided in two groups. Athletes with history of grade 1 or 2 ankle sprain on either side requiring medical care who reported at least three episodes of ankle giving way in past 12 months were included in group A. An equal number of healthy athletes without any history of ankle sprain or injury in the lower limbs in the past one year matched by sex, age, height, weight, and limb dominance, were included in group B (control). Outcome measures: Participant’s pain, range of motion, proprioception and balance (static and dynamic) was measured using visual analog scale, half circle goniometer, degree of foot position sense, single leg stance time and Y-balance test respectively. Results: Although there were no differences in the active ankle joint range of motion (p > 0.05) in comparison to the control group, athletes with chronic ankle sprain reported mild pain and statistically significant (p < 0.05) deficits in foot proprioception, static and dynamic balance. Conclusions: Deficits in foot proprioception, static and dynamic balance even one year after the ankle sprain could be the reason for limitations in the dynamic defense system of the joint that predisposes to recurrent injury and instability. It is essential to understand the normal clinical course and risk factors for athletes who sustain sprain before devising a long term comprehensive rehabilitation program that focuses on mechanical and functional insufficiencies in order to improve their functional performance and prevent the risk of recurrent sprain.

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To determine acute effects of dynamic versus static stretching on explosive agility of young football players. Material and Method: The study was conducted on 30 male academy football players between 14-16 years. Thermometer and stop watch was used to determine the body temperature and timings of testing respectively. Agility scores using Illinois agility test were taken between three groups of 10 each i.e. control, dynamic stretching, and Static stretching groups. Results: The mean time in control, dynamic and static group is 16.049,13.075 and 14.632 respectively. And p value in control versus dynamic group is 0.0001, in control versus static group is 0.05 and in dynamic versus static group is 0.007. "t" score in control versus dynamic group is 4.783, in control versus static group is 2.108 and inn dynamic versus static group is 3.061.Conclusion: There is no significant difference in acute agility scores after static versus dynamic stretching with warm up.

Background and Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) of knee is the most common type of arthritis and the leading cause of disability that impacts the elderly and middle-aged worldwide. In knee osteoarthritis degenerative changes occurs in joint and muscles of knee joint become weak. There are numerous previous studies in which Maitland mobilization with conventional was given but there are few research in which both maitland mobilization and myofascial trigger point release had been given. Aim and Objective:To study the effects of Maitlandmobilization and Myofascial Trigger point release on Pain,Range of Motion and function disability in patient of osteoarthritis with knee. Materials and Method:A total number of 72 subjects were screened as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were divided into two groups, Group A received Maitland mobilization with conventional therapy and Group B received Myofascial trigger point Release with conventional therapy. Treatment session was given for 3 days alternately a week for 6 weeks for 30-35mins. Pre and Post evaluation was done on Pain on VAS, Range of Motion on Universal Goniometer, Functional Disability on WOMAC scale.Results: Results showed statistically significant improvement in both groups for VAS, ROM and functional disability by using student's Paired and unpaired t test. Group A showed more significant improvement than Group B. The level of significance was P<0. 0001. Conclusion:In conclusion, Maitland Mobilization and Conventional therapy ism ore effective than Myofascial Trigger Point Release in relieving pain, improving range of motion and functional well-being in subjects with kneeosteoarthritis.

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