A BSTRACT Introduction: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been widely accepted and used in dentistry owing to its working characteristics, aesthetics and stability in the oral environment, ease in manipulation, and inexpensive processing methods and equipment. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength of a high-impact PMMA denture base resin material and flexural strength of a commonly available heat cure PMMA denture base material with Kevlar, glass, and nylon fibers. Materials and Methods: The test samples were studied under two groups. The Group I (control group) comprised pre-reinforced PMMA (Lucitone 199; Dentsply Sirona Prosthetics, York, Pennsylvania, USA) consisting of 12 samples and second group comprised regular PMMA (DPI, Mumbai, India) reinforced with different fibers. The second test group was further divided into three subgroups as Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 comprising 12 samples each designated by the letters a–l. All the samples were marked on both ends. A total of 48 samples were tested. Results were analyzed and any P value ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant ( t test). Results: All the 48 specimens were subjected to a 3-point bending test on a universal testing machine (MultiTest 10-i, Sterling, VA, USA) at a cross-head rate of 2 mm/min. A load was applied on each specimen by a centrally located rod until fracture occurred; span length taken was 50 mm. Flexural strength was then calculated. Conclusion: Reinforcement of conventional denture base resin with nylon and glass fibers showed statistical significance in the flexural strength values when compared to unreinforced high impact of denture base resin.

Aim: This study aims to determine the different positioning errors in digital panoramic radiographs in a sample of records collected from the department of oral medicine and radiology. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of 500 panoramic radiographs obtained from the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, AME's Dental College and Hospital, Raichur, was taken serially (from the year January 2019), and was retrospectively assessed for positioning errors. These positioning errors were assessed by two oral and maxillofacial radiology specialists using a pro forma enlisting the errors. They also evaluated the relative frequency of all different positioning errors. Statistical Analysis: Data were obtained and the kappa value for intraobserver agreement was calculated, which suggested that among the observers, the kappa value represents intermediate to good agreement. Results: Out of 500 panoramic radiographs evaluated by two observers, 86 (17.2%) had no errors, while 414 (82.8%) showed one or more positioning errors. The most common error in our study was found to be head turned to one side (30.8%) and the least common error was patient movement (1.0%). Conclusion: Positioning errors are very common in panoramic radiography. Patient positioning is the most important factor to avoid errors in preventing repetitive exposure to the patient. We all dental professionals must understand the consequence of these errors on diagnostic yield of good radiographs.

Background: Oral Submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic progressive disease causing macro and micro damage of oral structures and occasionally involve the pharynx leading to blanching, ulcerations and fibrosis of the oral mucosa. Patients with a severe form of this disease will have severely restricted mouth opening. Intubation remains a challenge when mouth opening is compromised.The Oral radiologist could give vital information of airway assessment to the anaesthetist and the operating surgeon treating these patients.Aims: To assess the dimensions of the oropharynx in patients with Oral Submucous fibrosis as compared to disease free patients using Cephalometric data.Settings and Design: This is a cross sectional analytical study using the collected lateral cephalograms of OSMF and normal individuals. Methods and Materials:Lateral cephalogram of 90 OSMF patients and 90 disease free individuals were taken. The upper and Lower Pharyngeal Airway space evaluation was done using McNamara's airway analysis.Statistical Analysis Used: Data was analysed using the Student's paired t test and Chi square test with P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Statistically significant narrow upper and lower pharyngeal width in OSMF patients when compared to normal patient and marginal reduction in lower pharyngeal space in females with OSMF. Conclusion:The data provides preliminary details of significant reduction in upper and lower airway space in individuals with oral submucous fibrosis

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bifid condyle using digital panoramic radiographs and to evaluate correlation of bifid condyle with gender. Materials and Methods: Retrospective records of 1000 panoramic radiographs which were taken for their own diagnostic or treatment purpose in the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology were evaluated by observer. Results: Among the 1000 radiographs studied, bifid condyles were found in 60 radiographs, giving an overall prevalence of bifid condyles as 6%. Among the population studied, 28 (2.8%) had unilateral bifid condyle and 32 (3.2%) had bilateral bifid condyle. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of bifid condyles in males compared to females. Conclusion: The frequency of bifid condyle is higher in the North Karnataka population than previous studies. It is possible that bifid condyle is a more frequent condition that is commonly perceived. As it is asymptomatic condition, it usually remains incidental finding.