This study was conducted to determine the effect of the concentration of basalt as a cement substitution material in mortar. Basalt was analysed by XRD and XRF. From the XRD results, the diffractogram shows the dominant phases, such as anorthite, augite, forsterite, and quartz or silicon oxide. SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 are the main components in basalt, as can be seen from the XRF. With the concentration at 5% of the basalt before the calcination, the optimum compressive strength of the OPC and PCC cement mortar was obtained. The highest compressive strength of the OPC cement mortar was 24.97MPa with a porosity of 2.4% and absorption of 1.29 %. Furthermore, the highest compressive strength of the PCC cement mortar was 22.55MPa with a porosity of 4.8% and absorption of 2.52 %. This result indicates that the substitution of composite cement with a basalt with a concentration of 5% can increase the compressive strength of the mortar.

Tujuan penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan minat belajar PJOK siswa dengan Integrasi Permainan Tradisional dalam pembelajaran praktik siswa kelas VI SDN 4 Selaparang Lombok Timur Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tahapan siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VI SDN 4 Selaparang tahun 2021 yang berjumlah 10 orang dan terbagi atas 6 siswa laki-laki dan 4 siswa perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi minat siswa. Analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik persentase untuk melihat kecenderungan yang terjadi dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Kondisi awal sebelum dilakukan PTK, siswa yang tuntas belajar lompat jauh hanya 2 siswa. Pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 6 siswa. Siklus II meningkat menjadi 9 siswa. Integrasi Permainan Tradisional memberi kontribusi yang signifikat terhadap peningkatan minat belajar PJOK siswa. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah dengan integrasi permainan tradisional dalam metode pembelajaran praktik dapat meningkatkan minat belajar PJOK siswa kelas VI SDN 4 Selaparang Lombok Timur Tahun Pembelajaran 2020/2021. Ketercapaian minat belajar siswa dari kondisi awal ke siklus I sebesar 40%. Dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 30%. Peningkatan minat belajar siswa secara keseluruhan dari kondisi awal ke siklus II sebesar 70%. Integration of Traditional Games in Practical Learning Methods to Increase Interest in Learning PJOK Abstract The purpose of this classroom action research is to determine the increase in students' interest in learning PJOK with the Integration of Traditional Games in the practical learning of class VI students at SDN 4 Selaparang, East Lombok in the 2020/2021 academic year. This research method uses Classroom Action Research (CAR). This research was carried out in cycle stages consisting of planning, implementing actions, observing, and reflecting. The subjects of the research were the sixth-grade students of SDN 4 Selaparang in 2021, totaling 10 people and divided into 6 male students and 4 female students. Data collection techniques using student interest observation sheets. Data analysis uses descriptive techniques using percentage techniques to see trends that occur in learning activities. In the initial condition before the CAR was carried out, only 2 students had finished learning the long jump. In the first cycle increased to 6 students. Cycle II increased to 9 students. The integration of Traditional Games makes a significant contribution to increasing students' interest in learning PJOK. The conclusion of this study is that the integration of traditional games in practical learning methods can increase interest in learning PJOK for grade VI students at SDN 4 Selaparang, East Lombok, for the 2020/2021 academic year. The achievement of student interest in learning from the initial conditions to the first cycle is 40%. From the first cycle to the second cycle by 30%. The overall increase in students' interest in learning from the initial conditions to the second cycle was 70%.

Pelaksanaan demokrasi di Indonesia dalam praktiknya menghadapi kendala yang bersifat politis dan ideologis. Sungguhpun demikian demokrasi sudah menjadi pilihan politik yang diyakini sebagai salah satu bentuk sistem politik terbaik untuk mencapai efektivitas penyelenggaraan pemerintahan negara. Akan tetapi setelah merdeka, praktik kehidupan demokrasi masih mengalami pasang surut seiring dengan dinamika perkembangan politik di Indonesia. Secara konseptual pemikiran demokrasi yang berkembang di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan pemikiran demokrasi di luar Indonesia, khususnya pemikiran demokrasi yang dikembangkan oleh elit intelektual pada masa pergerakan dan sesudahnya. Kata kunci: demokrasi dan ketatanegaraan.   The implementation of democracy in Indonesia in practice had hindrance politically and ideologically. However, democracy had been political choice assumed as one of the best political system to achieve effectivity in performing the State. Yet, after independence, the living democracy practice still have to move high and low along with dynamic political growth in Indonesia. Conceptually, democracy’s thought developed in Indonesia affected by the development of foreign democracy’s though, especially thought of democracy developed by intellectual expert at the movement ages and subsequently.    Keywords: Democracy and State system.

ABSTRAKBatuan serpentinit adalah salah satu sumber mineral magnesit ini, diketahui memiliki kandungan unsur magnesium (Mg) besar, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pupuk yang cukup menguntungkan, karena akan diperoleh unsur magnesium (Mg) dalam jumlah besar (Jarot, 2008). Daerah penelitian mempunyai sebaran bahan galian serpentinit sekitar 157.100 m 2 dan jumlah tonase sumberdaya serpentinit tereka 136.151.807,3 ton. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kimia serpentinit mengandung unsur magnesium yakni 20 -50%. Dari hasil analisa laboratorium pada batuan serpentinit ini layak untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pupuk mineral yang mutu dan memenuhi Standar Industri Indonesia . ABSTRACTSerpentinite rock is one of the sources of this magnesite mineral, is known to have a large element of magnesium (Mg), so that it can be used as a fairly beneficial fertilizer raw material, because magnesium (Mg) will be obtained in large quantities (Jarot, 2008). The research area has a spread of serpentinite minerals of around 157,100 m2 and an amount of tonnage of inferred serpentinite resources 136,151,807.3 tons. Based on the results of the chemical analysis laboratory, Agency of industrial research and development research and standardization of Industrial Halls of Banda Aceh Laboratory Examiners of industrial Baristand Banda Aceh (LABBA) years 2016 retrieved data Serpentinite Magnesium veins i.e. 20 -50%. The results of the laboratory analysis on the rock serpentinite shows the nature of worthiness to be utilized as a mineral fertilizer raw materials quality and Indonesia meet industry standards.

Research has been conducted to test silica function groups based on rice husks with temperature variations and concentrations of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide as raw materials for mesoporous silica. In this study, rice husk silica was synthesized by alkaline method with variations in CTAB concentrations of 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%, and hydrothermal treatments with temperature variations of 120, 130, 145, and 160ºC for 1 hour in an autoclave. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) results showed the presence of the most dominant clusters, namely Si-O-Si and other groups such as C-H, -H, O-H, and –OH. Therefore, silica-based rice husks can be used as raw materials mesoporous silica