Malaysia has agreed that all men and women are accorded equal right to citizenship under the Federal Constitution. Article 14 (1) (b) and Part II of the Second Schedule of the Federal Constitution provide for citizenship by operation of law for every person born outside Malaysia whose father is at the time of the birth a citizen of Malaysia. However, a Malaysian woman can apply for her child to be registered as a citizen under Article 15(2) of the Federal Constitution. In this regard, the Government has enhanced the implementation of Article 15(2) by way of an interim administrative procedure that was implemented on 1 June 2010 and applies to children born overseas after 1 January 2010 to Malaysian women who are married to foreigners. The core analysis in this article is to examine whether Malaysian laws on women and their children’s rights to citizenship is harmonious with the Women’s Convention. We analyse whether Malaysia has taken all appropriate measures, including laws, policies, administrative decisions and programmes, to eliminate women’s disadvantages based on the principal areas of concern and recommendations of the CEDAW in the concluding comments made against Malaysia following the list of issues and questions in relation to the combined third to fifth periodic reports of Malaysia following the Sixty-Ninth Session in Geneva from 19 February to 9 March 2018 and the application of equality informed by the Women’s Convention.

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Televisyen/ Kamera Litar Tertutup (Closed-Circuit Television) atau singkatannya CCTV diklasifikasikan sebagai dokumen elektronik. Sebarang rakaman elektronik, berdasarkan  tafsiran dalam Seksyen 3, Akta Keterangan Mahkamah Syariah (Wilayah-Wilayah Persekutuan) 1997 adalah termasuk dalam kategori dokumen dan diguna pakai sebagai salah satu kaedah pembuktian  termasuk dalam kes-kes jenayah. Pada 12 Julai 2017, satu pindaan telah diluluskan oleh Dewan Undangan Negeri Kelantan terhadap Enakmen Tatacara Jenayah Syariah 2002 (Pindaan 2017) yang memperuntukkan pegawai Penguat kuasa Agama Islam Negeri Kelantan untuk menggunakan gari terhadap suspek dan membenarkan video digunakan sebagai bahan bukti dalam perbicaraan bagi kes-kes jenayah termasuk zina, qazaf dan seumpamanya. Kertas kerja ini akan membincangkan pembuktian melalui CCTV dalam kes-kes jenayah Hudud, Qisas dan Takzir berdasarkan undang-undang Keterangan Islam. Perbincangan juga akan melihat sejauh manakah CCTV ini dapat dijadikan bahan bukti dan apakah Prosedur Operasi Standard (SOP)  yang perlu dilalui oleh pihak tertuduh mahupun pendakwa sebelum ia diterima sebagai bahan bukti bagi mensabitkan pertuduhan yang telah dibuat di dalam mahkamah.

Purpose of the study: This article focuses on the definition of ‘illegitimate children’ in Muslim society in Malaysia based on its perspective of Shariah law, Islamic family law, civil law in Malaysia, and the existing perception of the Muslim society in Malaysia. This study also aims to compare the legal terms of ' illegitimate children' from various perspectives with the layman definition of illegitimate children. Methodology: Research information has been obtained through the documentary data collection based on report and annual data from the Malaysian government, non-government agencies and relevant turath scriptures to obtain the best definition of “illegitimate child”. Once data have been collected, the data have been analysed using a content analysis method through deductive or inductive reasoning. Main Findings: The result shows that the term ‘illegitimate children’ is based on the opinions of the Muslim Scholars which is the child conceived from adultery act without a legal marriage. However, the definition of illegitimate children is broad and varies among the existing authoritative bodies in Malaysia, which include a child conceived from an adultery act, unregistered because of lack of proper documentation for registration. Applications of this study: The results of this study are expected to assist the authorities especially Malaysian Islamic Development Office - Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM), National Registration Department (JPN), Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH), Islamic State Department of Malaysia, Shariah Courts in Malaysia and other agencies and NGOs in formulating strategies and taking follow-up actions. In addition, this study will become a reference to individuals, researchers, academicians, students, and the public in Malaysia. Novelty/Originality of this study: The misunderstanding about the definition of an illegitimate child according to JPN, added by the fact that JPN does not have the jurisdiction at all to determine the validity of the child that is supposed to be placed under the Shariah Court, has triggered an ongoing polemic in the Muslim community in Malaysia, concerning this child status issue.

Pandemik COVID-19 2019-20 secara global berpunca daripada sindrom pernafasan akut teruk koronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Wabak ini pada mulanya dikesan di pertengahan Disember 2019 di Bandaraya Wuhan, Hubei China dan telah diiktiraf sebagai pandemik oleh Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO) pada 11 Mac 2020. Secara umumnya, pandemik COVID-19 boleh membawa maut kepada penghidapnya dan hingga ke saat ini, pakar perubatan belum menemui ubat atau rawatan secara spesifik kepada pesakit COVID-19. Walaubagaimanapun, kajian mengenai kesan hibah yang dibuat bagi pesakit COVID-19 masih belum dijalankan secara terperinci. Justeru, kajian ini akan membincangkan mengenai konsep maradh al-mawt menurut fiqh dan perubatan. Penjelasan turut dibuat mengenai status penghidap COVID-19 kategori penyakit terminal atau maradh al-mawt menurut fiqh diikuti beberapa kes yang pernah dilaporkan berkenaan marad al-mawt. Akhir sekali, penulis juga turut menjelaskan mengenai hukum perlaksanaan hibah dalam situasi maradh al-mawt.   Kata Kunci: hibah, maradh al-mawt, terminal, pandemik, COVID-19