This study aims to analyze the differences in the production of rubber planting in swamp land and land in North Sumatra. Rubber plants are one of the mainstay commodities in North Sumatra Province along with oil palm plantations. It's just that lately many rubber farmers are converting rubber land to oil palm land. This causes the production and price of rubber commodities to fluctuate. One way to prevent this is to plant rubber in swampy soil. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. Collecting data by observation, interviews, document analysis, literature study, especially using previous research data. The results of this study indicate that there has been a decline in rubber production during the last ten years due to the conversion of rubber land to oil palm land whose main consideration is economic motives, both the increasing price of palm oil and decreasing rubber prices. It's just that, at the same time, rubber plantations have started in swamps that were previously untouched. However, the results are not quite satisfactory compared to rubber plants in dry land. Further research is needed on the factors that influence it and solutions to these problems

Province at an altitude of ± 25 meters above sea level, with Inceptisol soil type. This study was conducted from March 2021 to May 2021. This study aims to determine the compost type that could increase the production of shallots (Allium cepa var ascalonicum L.) in Inceptisol soil. The study used a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 5 treatments, namely compost type with five replications (25 experimental plots), including P 1 = Liquid Organic Pineapple Fertilizer of 4.5 ml/liter of water/polybag, P 2 = straw compost of 20 tons/ha (1 kg/polybag), P 3 = rice husk charcoal compost of 10 tons/ha (1.5 kg/polybag), P 4 = market waste compost of 10 tons/ha (2 kg/polybag), P 5 = market waste compost enriched with trichoderma of 10 tons/ha (2 kg/polybag). Parameters observed were the number of tubers per plant, the number of tubers per plot, the weight of the tubers per plant, the weight of the tubers per plot, and the size of the tubers. The results show that the type of compost treatment had a significant effect on the production of shallots. Market waste compost enriched with trichoderma (P5) resulted in the highest production.

This study aims to analyze the conversion of rubber land to oil palm and its effect on production in North Sumatra. Today many rubber farmers are turning their land into oil palm plantations. So that the famous commodity from North Sumatra, namely, palm oil, is no longer rubber. Whereas previously the rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis) as a plantation plant that was integrated with the culture of the people of North Sumatra Province had environmentally friendly properties. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Data were collected by observation, interviews, literature study, and document analysis. The results show that smallholder rubber plantations have been the mainstay of the economy of North Sumatra Province since a century ago. Although there has been a change from Rubber Land to Palm Oil Land, currently North Sumatra accounts for 33% of the total national natural rubber production. North Sumatra is the second largest natural rubber producer after South Sumatra.