This study aims to develop an instrument for teachers’ attitudes toward academic supervision performed by supervisors in special education. This is an instrument development study working under the modified six-step development framework introduced by Djaali and Sumadi. The validity of the study was examined by two experts in measurements. The instrument was tested on 94 teachers in schools of special education in South Sulawesi. The validity and reliability were estimated using the confirmatory factor analysis by Lisrel program. The instrument produced from this attempt were 44 questions in a form of likert scale; the validity was 0.90 and the reliability was 0.96, and it was done under a tridimensional structure (i.e., monitoring, assessment, and coaching). The dimension of monitoring measured the execution of eight education standards observed by school supervisors. The dimension of assessment measured the performance of supervisors during a class supervision that was taught by a teacher of special education. The dimension of coaching measured the supervisors’ performance in giving motivation, delivering training, and providing feedback for teachers of special education. It was done in order to make the teachers more professional and independent in completing their tasks and responsibilities as teachers for special education. Therefore, the instrument produced from this research is expected to be able to describe the teachers’ attitudes toward academic supervision performed by the school supervisors.

This study aims to produce carrom media to improve the ability to read words of mild mentally retarded children. The study implemented the research and development design based on the research stages of Borg & Gall. Data collection techniques used in this study were interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The data were analyzed through qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques. The object of this research is the modified Carrom learning media, with the research stages covering; 1) the information gathering stage; 2) the planning stage; 3) the product development stage, and 4) the design validation and revision stages. The results of this study are; needs analysis of grade 3 mentally retarded students at SLB Negeri 1 Makassar showed that teachers and students needed modified carrom as learning media, carrom media design/prototypes were modified starting fromplanning, product development, expert validation, and validity testing stages and the validation from the material experts showed that the media was considered valid and the validity level was in the very good category so that the modified carrom media deserved to be tested and resulted in a very good category.

This study aims to (1) describe the need for media, (2) describe the prototype of the card catalog media, (3) investigate the validity and practicality of the card catalog media used to increase early reading ability of students with mild intellectual disability. This study used research and development method with the research stages developed by Borg & Gall. The data of this study were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and validation instruments. The analysis was performed using the descriptive quantitative analysis with the percentage technique. Results showed that (1) the card catalog media was much needed by teachers and students with mild intellectual disability to improve early reading ability in students at SLBN (State Special Education School) Lutang Majene; (2) the prototype of the media that had been developed consisted of cards, equipped with drawers to store the cards; each card was in various colors and contained pictures, letters, syllables, and words; and (3) through restricted testing, the card catalog media was considered very valid, practical and feasible to be used in early reading activities for students with mild intellectual disability.