No abstract

The quality of health services is still not optimal, especially in terms of patient dissatisfaction with drug services at pharmacies. A more efficient system can be built only if the waiting time evaluation has been carried out at pharmacies that provide drug prescriptions for patients. This study aims to evaluate the waiting time for prescription services at pharmacies to achieve patient satisfaction with drug services at pharmacies. In this study, Angkasa Farma's pharmacy became the subject of evaluation. The study was conducted with an observational design using descriptive analysis. The waiting time data obtained were then analyzed descriptively and compared with the minimum service standard of waiting time, this is for two types of drugs (prepared drugs and compound drugs). The results of the study based on a sample of 100 recipes and 100 non-concoction recipes are the number of recipes that meet the standards for prescription recipes as many as 37 recipes and for non-concoction recipes as many as 95 recipes. The average waiting time for concoction recipe services is 41.47 minutes and the average waiting time for non-concoction prescription services is 21.29 minutes. The average waiting time for non-concoction prescription services has met the standard, while the waiting time for blended prescription services has not met the standards according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.

The heavy physical practice may escalate the production of reactive oxygen species, which eventually results in cell damage. Previous studies announced that treatment with antioxidants might decrease oxidative stress caused by physical practice. Studies on the ethanol and water extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces had proven their antioxidant activity. Our work is the first report on the effect of 30 days of daily intake of H. sabdariffa tea on the maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) and blood pressure (BP) in healthy male and female normotensive participants. The VO 2 max, measured to obtain the participants' cardiovascular fitness status, was performed by following the Young Men's Christian Association step test. Our study revealed that H. sabdariffa tea intake decreased the BP of the participants in week 4 and increased the number of participants with average VO 2 max status, starting from week 2 to 4, compared to baseline. Taking these results together, H. sabdariffa tea may be beneficial to improve the maximum oxygen uptake status in normotensive participants.