Latar belakang. Bayi prematur merupakan kelompok yang berisiko membutuhkan bantuan resusitasi aktif. Selama bertahun-tahun, resusitasi neonatus menggunakan oksigen hingga konsentrasi 100%, tetapi penggunaan oksigen 100% akan menyebabkan stres oksidatif dan kerusakan jaringan yang akan meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Akhir-akhir ini, penggunaan oksigen konsentrasi rendah (21%-30% ) mulai dianjurkan. Tujuan. Mengetahui mortalitas dan morbiditas bayi prematur yang mendapatkan resusitasi neonatus dengan oksigen konsentrasi rendah dibandingkan konsentrasi tinggi. Metode. Penelusuran pustaka database elektronik: PubMed, Cochrane, Google scholar, dan melalui penulis. Hasil. Didapatkan dua studi meta analisis yang relevan dan satu studi acak terkontrol. Studi pertama menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan mortalitas dan morbiditas pada kedua kelompok. Studi kedua menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan mortalitas antara kedua kelompk, tetapi kejadian displasia bronkopulmonar lebih rendah pada kelompok konsentrasi oksigen rendah (RR=0,62). Studi terakhir menunjukkan bahwa resusitasi neonatus dengan oksigen hingga konsentrasi 50% masih aman digunakan. Kesimpulan. Resusitasi neonatus menggunakan oksigen konsentrasi rendah tidak lebih inferior dibandingkan konsnetrasi tinggi, bahkan menurunkan angka kejadian displasia bronkopulmonar. Sari Pediatri 2017;19(3):166-71Kata kunci: resusitasi neonatus, prematur, konsentrasi oksigen, mortalitas dan morbiditas Mortality and Morbidity of Preterm Neonates With Resuscitation Using Low Oxygen concentrationSyarimonitha Munadzilah, Rosalina Dewi Background. Preterm neonates are at risk for active resuscitation. Over the years, neonatal resuscitation uses oxygen up to 100% concentration but this concentration will lead to oxidative stress and tissue damage that will increase morbidity and mortality. Lately the use of low oxygen concentration (21% -30%) is recommended. Objective. Determine the mortality and morbidity of preterm neonates who get neonatal resuscitation with low oxygen concentrations compared to high oxygen concentrations. Methods. Literature research using electronic database: PubMed, Cochrane, Google scholar and through authors. Results. There were two relevant meta-analysis studies and 1 randomized controlled study. The first study showed no differences in mortality and morbidity in both groups. The second study showed no difference in mortality between the two groups, but the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was lower in the low oxygen concentration group (RR 0.62). Recent studies have shown that neonatal resuscitation with oxygen up to 50% concentration is still safe to use. Conclusion. Neonatal resuscitation using low-concentration oxygen is not inferior than high-oxygen concentration. Low oxygen concentration was more safe and lowering the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Sari Pediatri 2017;19(3):166-71
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