<p>IoV is a known platform for exchanging data between vehicles and distinct networks through diverse communication media. Embedded technologies like IoT and Intelligent Transportation, are aimed to build smart networks for IoV to support diverse automated applications such as smart vehicle control, intelligent traffic control, and dynamic data services. However, in the smart domain, implementation of IoV has unresolved challenges. Synchronization of vehicles and humans is a crucial issue in making decisions. Therefore, proper understanding of the pertinent issues about IoV implementation that can improve the VNs performance are essential. DSRC and cellular networks are considered as potential alternatives for endorsing V2X communications. DSRC is employed for intelligent and automotive transportation applications through short-range data exchange between DSRC-components. Although spectrum assigned to DSRC alone will not be appropriate to satisfy huge information traffic needs for internet access in vehicles. Cellular networks offer potential solutions, attributing extensive range of cell coverage, broadly deployed infrastructure and greater capacity. Nevertheless, centralized characteristics of these networks limit the ability to handle low-latency communications that can challenge the efficacy of several safety applications. This paper reviews potential DSRC and wireless integrated solutions for efficient vehicular communications. In methodology, first we reviewed existing technologies that integrate DSRC with other wireless technologies and secondly, the study is carried out to highlight the limitations for each supporting vehicular communications. Thereby, the paper embeds a brief comparative analysis. Finally, an algorithm is proposed to integrate DSRC and 4G-LTE with a novel Optimal Clustering based Data Forwarding Protocol for efficient data transmission to attain better performance in IoV. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with the existing approaches using the NS-3 simulation tool. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms over the existing approaches in terms of End to End Delay and throughput. </p>

The proper mixing of nanoscale fillers in conventional dielectric materials leads to an enhancement in the breakdown strength and voltage endurance. In this study experimental investigations are carried out to compare the breakdown characteristics of epoxy nano-composites with that of a base epoxy resin under the influence of divergent electric fields so as to obtain inferences on its breakdown performances. This would in turn enable providing solutions to acquire more effective electrical insulation systems and explore the prospect of tapping the merits of utilizing the rapid strides made in field of fabrication of nano-dielectrics. The main objective is such studies are to enhance the electrical properties of the epoxy dielectric by employing nano-fillers such as SiO 2 , TiO 2 etc. This research envisages the use of epoxy resin mixed with nano-fillers for ascertaining the ability of the nano-composite to be utilized as a dielectric/ insulator in power apparatus. The epoxy resin is mixed with appropriate proportion of SiO 2 and TiO 2 and experimentation is carried out under the influence of divergent electric fields. Classical breakdown voltage withstand tests such as AC power frequency, DC voltage, lightning impulse and switching impulse test is carried out on epoxy dielectrics (with and without nano-fillers) and the results are compared. In addition, a non-classical breakdown voltage test (high frequency high voltage) is also devised to analyze and ascertain the breakdown characteristics due to varying frequencies so as to investigate the possibility of utilizing such nano-composites in applications related to high speed switching devices.

No abstract

No abstract

The CDSCO prescribes standards and measures for ensuring the safety, efficacy and quality of drugs, diagnostics, cosmetics and devices in the country. Pharmaceutical research and development is an expensive, time consuming and uncertain process that may take 8-10 years to complete. Patent clock starts much before a new drug is approved for marketing and significant amount of time may be lost in the review and approval process by regulatory bodies. So in order to recoup the considerable time and resources invested in the drug development and approval process, the pharmaceutical companies depend on exclusivity provisions granted by the regulatory bodies. Patent strategy provides a check list for developing comprehensive patent strategies for the company.