No abstract

Thromboprophylaxis is under-prescribed in medical inpatients, but compliance with international guidelines can be significantly enhanced with targeted educational intervention.

Introduction: One of the major public health concerns across the world is the fractures occurring at the distal end of radius with an incidence rate of 25.4 per 10000 elderly people who are of about 65 years of age. These fractures are the most common fractures occurring in the upper extremities of elderly patients. More than 210 million dollars are regularly spent on the management of radial fractures of the distal ends which are expected to increase every year, however, the process of managing radial distal fractures is still controversial. Aim: To compare the outcomes of surgical and non-surgical management of distal radial fractures in elderly patients. Methodology: The current study involved 90 patients who were more than 65 years of age and were treated either surgically or non-surgically. Patients who were treated non-surgically were treated with cast immobilization whereas patients who underwent surgery had either plate or external fixation. Functional scores and baseline radiographs were recorded before treatment, and follow-up was conducted at 2, 6, 12, 24, and 52 weeks. Radiographic and clinical follow-ups were observed along functional scores were calculated and observed. Results: Patients who were treated without surgery had a mean age of 76 years, whereas 44 patients who were treated with surgery had a mean age of 73 years. No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of other demographic factors. No differences in the functional status were observed in terms of arms, hands, and shoulders whereas pain scores also exhibited no significant differences. Conclusion: It is suggested that minor limitations exist between wrist motion range and grip strength which was diminished with the non-operative care, but functional recovery was not limited during 12 months follow-up.

Introduction: Among the elbow fractures, the most common elbow fracture observed in children are the supracondylar humeral fracture. The advancement of modern surgical techniques has reduced the incidence rate of compartment syndrome and malunion. For the treatment of supracondylar humeral fractures, techniques such as closed reduction, traction, splint closed reduction, open reduction, k-wire fixation, and percutaneous pinning are used. There are different approaches that are applied for open reduction method which include double incision method (lateral and medial), medial, anterior, posterior and lateral approach. Till date among all these approaches, the posterior approach via muscles of triceps has produced very good results. Different studies have been conducted to compare the anterior and posterior approaches of surgical treatment. Aim:To compare the results of posterior and lateral surgical approaches while treating the type III supracondylar humeral fracture in children. Methodology:This study included 82 children, who had undergone the surgical treatment, 52 patients were treated by the posterior approach, and 30 patients were treated by the lateral approach. Both the groups had their follow up till 6 months postoperatively. Results:It was observed that the posterior approach had a very short surgery time as compared to the lateral approach. The results obtained according to the Flynn's criteria were 80.7% in the posterior group and 80% in the lateral group, and no statistical significance was observed between the two groups. Conclusion:The posterior approach had shorter operating time as compared to the lateral approach, however, no statistical significance was determined between the two groups in terms of functional results and complications.

Introduction:Fracture of the neck of the femur is the most common fracture due to osteoporosis in the elderly population. Almost one-third of the patients with such fractures lead to mortality. Aim:To determine the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients with a fracture in the head of femur and prophylactic administration of anticoagulants.Methodology: Elderly patients (age above 60 years) with fractures in the head of the femur were included in this study. They should have either extracapsular or extracapsular fracture of the neck of the femur. According to the exclusion criteria, patients who were below 60 years old and have a fracture of the neck of the femur but also had multiple traumas and a previous history of deep vein thrombosis. All patients who were non-compliant to the prophylactic drugs were also categorized in exclusion criteria. The patients were administered prophylactic anticoagulants on admission. All the patients were investigated through Color Doppler Ultrasonography when they were admitted for the confirmation and documenting the diagnosis.Result: Total 60 patients standing the inclusion criteria were selected. All of them were above the age of 60 years. They all were given thromboprophylaxis. Total 12 out of 60 patients presented with deep vein thrombosis. Conclusion:Deep vein thrombosis is quite common in patients with fractures of the head of the femur and they must be given anticoagulation prophylactically. In the present study, all patients received the drug enoxaparin for the prevention of DVT, however, significant number of patients still present with the deep vein thrombosis.