Iqbal Rajput. Fresh and post thaw quality characteristics of Holstein Friesian bull semen maintained at semen production unit Quetta Balochistan, Pakistan. Pure and Applied Biology. Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp780-789. http://dx. AbstractThe study was conducted to determine the quality characteristics of fresh and post-thaw semen of Holstein Friesian bull, maintained at Semen Production Unit, Quetta Baluchistan, Pakistan. The semen were evaluated for volume, pH, mass activity, sperm concentration, sperm motility and integrity of sperm cell membrane. The semen qualifying these criteria were processed for freezing. The frozen semen after thawing was assessed for progressive linear motility and intact cell membrane. The mean ejaculate volume of semen was recorded as 6.93, 6.59 and 6.61 ml, pH; 6.58, 6.59 and 6.61, mass activity of sperms 3.87, 3.75 and 3.5 and sperm concentration 1349.12x10 6 , 1509.37x10 6 and 1364.37x10 6 /ml during the month of May, June and July respectively. The color of semen was not consistent pattern, it varied as creamy white and milky white. The motility of fresh and post thaw semen was assessed as 73.9 vs 48.75%; 75 vs. 53.75%; 75 vs. 53.12% for the month of May, June and July respectively. The membrane integrity of fresh semen samples over a period of three month were 58.37% against post-thaw membrane integrity of 44.79%. It was concluded that the semen of Holstein Friesian bull tolerates freezing and thawing stress and maintained reasonable good fertility. The summer season has no significant adverse effect on quality of semen.

The study was conducted on reproductive performance of Bhagnari cattle maintained under semiintensive management condition at Usta Mohammad Cattle Farm, Baluchistan. The data was collected on eighty four adult Bhagnari cows, selected on the performance record and utilized for this study. The results revealed that the mean age at puberty was recorded as1154.179±53.48 days and age at first calving was 1462.024±59.38 days. The calving interval was recorded as 437.59±16.91 days, service period 158.71±17.01 days and postpartum estrus period 135.94±11.87 days. The mean milk yield was recorded 785.78±14.53 liters per cow, which was increased from first to 4 th lactation. The calving intervals, service period and post-partum estrus was found decreased from 1 st to 5 th parity. The difference between the parity was non-significant (P>0.005) for calving interval, postpartum period, service period and milk yield. The reproductive performance and milk yield was found very low, which needs to be improved by improving management practices and out-crossing or cross breeding program on scientific line.