Abstract:We described the seven stages of spontaneous metamorphosis in the American brook lamprey (Lampetra appendix) and assessed the importance of size as a determinant of spontaneous and induced metamorphosis. Serum concentrations of the thyroid hormones (TH) thyroxine (T 4 ) and triiodothyronine (T 3 ) were measured in metamorphosing and nonmetamorphosing L. appendix. The sequence of stages in metamorphosis and changes in the relative lengths of most body regions were consistent with data reported for other lamprey species. However, premetamorphic and metamorphosing L. appendix in the early stages of metamorphosis (1-3) were much larger in size (at least 155 mm and 5.40 g) than has been observed for other lamprey species. Serum concentrations of T 4 and T 3 were high by the end of the larval period and declined significantly by stage 2 of metamorphosis. Larvae ≥130 mm in length were treated with either potassium perchlorate (KClO 4 ; 0.01 and 0.05%) or 10 mg/L propylthiouracil (PTU; 0.0001%) for 117 days from September to January to determine if metamorphosis could be induced by these goitrogens. Both concentrations of KClO 4 successfully induced metamorphosis in L. appendix, but the incidence of metamorphosis (62%) was much lower than reported in sea lampreys (98%) of comparable size. Serum concentrations of T 4 and T 3 declined by 64-76 and 93-96% relative to control values, respectively, in metamorphosing and nonmetamorphosing L. appendix treated with KClO 4 . PTU elicited declines of 55% for T 4 and 80% for T 3 , but only one animal metamorphosed. Based on these data, we conclude that a decline in serum TH levels is necessary for metamorphosis in L. appendix, but not sufficient by itself to trigger the process.Résumé : On trouvera ici la description des sept stades de métamorphose spontanée chez la lamproie (Lampetra appendix); nous avons évalué l'importance de la taille comme facteur déterminant de la métamorphose spontanée et de la métamorphose provoquée. Les concentrations sériques des hormones thyroïdiennes (TH) thyroxine (T 4 ) et triiodothyronine (T 3 ) ont été mesurées chez des lamproies en métamorphose et chez d'autres lamproies non en métamorphose. La séquence des stades de métamorphose et les modifications de la longueur relative de la plupart des zones du corps correspondent aux données signalées pour d'autres espèces. Cependant, chez cette espèce, les lamproies prémétamorphiques et les lamproies en métamorphose au cours des premiers stades (1-3) sont de taille bien supérieure (au moins 155 mm et 5,40 g) à celle mesurée chez d'autres espèces. Les concentrations sériques de T 4 et de T 3 sont élevées à la fin de la période larvaire et diminuent considérablement jusqu'au stade 2 de la métamorphose. Nous avons administré du perchlorate de potassium (KClO 4 ; 0,01 et 0,05%) ou 10 mg/L de propylthiouracil (PTU; 0,0001%) à des larves de longueur ≥130 mm durant 117 jours, de septembre à janvier, afin de vérifier si ces goitrogènes peuvent provoquer la métamorphose chez les poissons. Les deux concentr...
Abstract:We described the seven stages of spontaneous metamorphosis in the American brook lamprey (Lampetra appendix) and assessed the importance of size as a determinant of spontaneous and induced metamorphosis. Serum concentrations of the thyroid hormones (TH) thyroxine (T 4 ) and triiodothyronine (T 3 ) were measured in metamorphosing and nonmetamorphosing L. appendix. The sequence of stages in metamorphosis and changes in the relative lengths of most body regions were consistent with data reported for other lamprey species. However, premetamorphic and metamorphosing L. appendix in the early stages of metamorphosis (1-3) were much larger in size (at least 155 mm and 5.40 g) than has been observed for other lamprey species. Serum concentrations of T 4 and T 3 were high by the end of the larval period and declined significantly by stage 2 of metamorphosis. Larvae ≥130 mm in length were treated with either potassium perchlorate (KClO 4 ; 0.01 and 0.05%) or 10 mg/L propylthiouracil (PTU; 0.0001%) for 117 days from September to January to determine if metamorphosis could be induced by these goitrogens. Both concentrations of KClO 4 successfully induced metamorphosis in L. appendix, but the incidence of metamorphosis (62%) was much lower than reported in sea lampreys (98%) of comparable size. Serum concentrations of T 4 and T 3 declined by 64-76 and 93-96% relative to control values, respectively, in metamorphosing and nonmetamorphosing L. appendix treated with KClO 4 . PTU elicited declines of 55% for T 4 and 80% for T 3 , but only one animal metamorphosed. Based on these data, we conclude that a decline in serum TH levels is necessary for metamorphosis in L. appendix, but not sufficient by itself to trigger the process.Résumé : On trouvera ici la description des sept stades de métamorphose spontanée chez la lamproie (Lampetra appendix); nous avons évalué l'importance de la taille comme facteur déterminant de la métamorphose spontanée et de la métamorphose provoquée. Les concentrations sériques des hormones thyroïdiennes (TH) thyroxine (T 4 ) et triiodothyronine (T 3 ) ont été mesurées chez des lamproies en métamorphose et chez d'autres lamproies non en métamorphose. La séquence des stades de métamorphose et les modifications de la longueur relative de la plupart des zones du corps correspondent aux données signalées pour d'autres espèces. Cependant, chez cette espèce, les lamproies prémétamorphiques et les lamproies en métamorphose au cours des premiers stades (1-3) sont de taille bien supérieure (au moins 155 mm et 5,40 g) à celle mesurée chez d'autres espèces. Les concentrations sériques de T 4 et de T 3 sont élevées à la fin de la période larvaire et diminuent considérablement jusqu'au stade 2 de la métamorphose. Nous avons administré du perchlorate de potassium (KClO 4 ; 0,01 et 0,05%) ou 10 mg/L de propylthiouracil (PTU; 0,0001%) à des larves de longueur ≥130 mm durant 117 jours, de septembre à janvier, afin de vérifier si ces goitrogènes peuvent provoquer la métamorphose chez les poissons. Les deux concentr...
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