Cancer cells escape cytotoxic effects of anticancer drugs by a process known as multidrug resistance (MDR). Identification of cell status by less time-consuming methods can be extremely useful in patient management and treatment. This study aims at evaluating the potentials of vibrational spectroscopic methods to perform cell typing and to differentiate between sensitive and resistant human cancer cell lines, in particular those that exhibit the MDR phenotype. Micro-Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra have been acquired from the sensitive promyelocytic HL60 leukemia cell line and two of its subclones resistant to doxorubicin (HL60/DOX) and daunorubicin (HL60/ DNR), and from the sensitive MCF7 breast cancer cell line and its MDR counterpart resistant to verapamil (MCF7/VP). Principal components analysis (PCA) was employed for spectral comparison and classification. Our data show that cell typing was feasible with both methods, giving two distinct clusters for HL60-and MCF7-sensitive cells. In addition, phenotyping of HL60 cells, i.e., discriminating between the sensitive and MDR phenotypes, was attempted by both methods. FTIR could not only delineate between the sensitive and resistant HL60 cells, but also gave two distinct clusters for the resistant cells, which required a two-step procedure with Raman spectra. In the case of MCF7 cell lines, both the sensitive and resistant phenotypes could be differentiated very efficiently by PCA analysis of their FTIR and Raman point spectra. These results indicate the prospective applicability of FTIR and micro-Raman approaches in the differentiation of cell types as well as characterization of the cell status, such as the MDR phenotype exhibited in resistant leukemia cell lines like HL60 and MCF7.

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Background: Sternal wound infection (SWI) is a major complication occurring often after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) grafts. The aim of this study is to assess whether such a risk may be reduced by using incision negative pressure wound therapy (INPWT). Methods: Data on patients undergoing isolated CABG using BIMA grafts at the Reims University Hospital, France, from 2013 to 2016 without or with INPWT was prospectively collected.  Results: INPWT was used in 161 patients and conventional sterile wound dressing was used in 266 patients. Propensity score matching resulted in 128 pairs with similar characteristics. SWIs were similarly distributed between the conventional sterile wound dressing (10.9%) and the INPWT cohorts (10.2%) (P = 1.00). Patients treated with INPWT had a lower rate of deep SWI/mediastinitis than patients who had conventional sterile dressing (5.5% versus 10.2%, P = .210), but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Tests for interaction confirmed these findings in different patient subgroups. Conclusion: The routine use of INPWT may not significantly reduce the risk of SWI in patients undergoing BIMA grafting. In view of previous reports showing a benefit with the use of this method, a large randomized study is justified to assess the efficacy of INPWT in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.