Background: Monkeypox is a zoonosis. The disease has a similar appearance to chickenpox caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). On May 9th 2019, there was one laboratory-confirmed case of monkeypox reported in Singapore. A man was also suspected of having monkeypox on June 1st 2019 in Surabaya, Indonesia, a neighboring country. Objective: To report on a suspected case of monkeypox with differential diagnosis to chickenpox. Case: A 51-year-old male was suspected of having monkeypox after a differential diagnosis of chickenpox. His chief complaint was multiple blisters on his body. From the dermatological status on his facial, trunk and extremity regions, there were multiple pleiomorphic vesicles, some with umbilication, with a centripetal distribution, and crusts. Methods and Results: A PCR using VZV specific primers, followed by genome sequencing showed homologies of more than 99 % to other VZVs and less than 50% to Monkeypox sequences. Conclusion: Molecular laboratory techniques have confirmed the case as chickenpox.

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is chronic inflammatory skin disease that is relapsing and a serious condition that disrupts the quality of life of affected individuals. Probiotics are an immunomodulator that can enhance the immune control of atopic dermatitis. Methods All randomized controlled trials of probiotics for the treatment of adult AD published before December 2020 were included in this study from the PubMed databases and manual searching. Results Six randomized controlled trials (n = 241) were selected for this meta-analysis study. Probiotics were effective in treating adult patients with AD, indicated by the decrease in Scoring Atopic Dermatitis/SCORAD (Mean Difference (MD)  − 7.90, 95% CI − 7.25 to − 6.92; p < 0.00001; I2 = 96%) and improved quality of life (MD − 7.68, 95% CI − 14.08 to − 1.29; p = 0.02; I2 = 47%) which were statistically significant. However, skin severity, itch severity, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), IL-4, TFN-γ, and IgE showed no significant difference in this meta-analysis study (p > 0.05). Limitations The study found no available data for side effects of probiotics. Strength This meta-analysis analyzed a total of 241 AD patients of Asian and European origin. Conclusion The use of probiotics decreased SCORAD significantly in adult patients with AD. Probiotics can improve the quality of life of patients with AD. Capsule summary The use of probiotics in atopic dermatitis has been widely studied, with controversial results. This meta-analysis suggests that the use of probiotics can improve SCORAD and the quality of life of patients with atopic dermatitis.

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is known to cause COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019), and it is rapidly spreading throughout the world that it is declared as a global pandemic. Hand hygiene is widely promoted as it is recommended to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission. Contact dermatitis is one of the risks of hand hygiene campaign during the COVID-19. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the parents' level of knowledge before and after health education about contact dermatitis due to hand hygiene. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, and the data was collected via questionnaires. This study involved 53 respondents. Result: There was a significant increase in respondents' knowledge level after being educated (Wilcoxon test, p=0.000), as evidenced in the mean score of pre-test and post-test evaluation. Conclusion: To lower the incidence, education on contact dermatitis prevention due to hand hygiene during the COVID-19 pandemic is required.

This study was aimed to determine the viability of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus pentosus isolated from soy milk waste as a candidate for poultry probiotics in vitro. This research was designed in the form of a laboratory experiment descriptively. This study was conducted in several stages, viability test at 37°C and 42°C, viability test at pH 2 and 7, viability test for 0.3% and 0.5% bile salts, viability test of adhesion [hydrophobicity] and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria [Escherichia coli 0157, Staphylococcus aureusATCC-25293 and Salmonella sp]. The result showed that Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus pentosus survived and grew at 37°C and 42°C [observation time at 30 and 60 minutes], pH 2, and resistant for 0.3% and 0.5% bile salts. Both bacteria also could inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria [active category], which produced clear zones with diameters <30mm. Hydrophobicity test used stainless still found that both bacteria had high hydrophobicity [<40%], 82.82% and 82.71%]. This study concluded that both of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus pentosus isolated from soy milk waste have potential as a probiotic for poultry.