Streszczenie: Artykuł prezentuje wyniki przeprowadzonej przez autorkę analizy systemów zarządzania ryzykiem stosowanych przez największe, polskie spółki giełdowe, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem przedsiębiorstw posiadających wdrożone systemy zintegrowanego zarządzania ryzykiem (ERM). Badania zostały przeprowadzone na podstawie analizy informacji dotyczących zarządzania ryzykiem, publikowanych przez spółki należące do indeksów WIG20 oraz mWIG40 w raportach rocznych za rok 2015 i zostały podzielone na dwa etapy. Etap pierwszy polegał na ogólnej analizie sprawozdań finansowych i sprawozdań z działalności wybranych spółek. Miało to na celu określenie stopnia dojrzałości prezentowanych przez te przedsiębiorstwa podejść do zarządzania ryzykiem. Na tej podstawie zostały wyodrębnione dwie grupy: spółki mające wdrożone systemy ERM oraz przedsiębiorstwa zarządzające ryzykiem w sposób tradycyjny (silosowy). Etap drugi polegał na szczegółowej analizie informacji publikowanych przez firmy posiadające systemy zintegrowanego zarządzania ryzykiem, w celu porównania cech systemów analizowanych z określonymi wcześniej cechami, jakie powinny posiadać systemy ERM. WprowadzenieRyzyko jest nieodłącznym elementem działalności każdego podmiotu i towarzyszy każdej podejmowanej decyzji biznesowej. Zmiany otoczenia, na jakie narażone są obecnie przedsiębiorstwa, oraz rosnący stopień skomplikowania gospodarki powodują, że świadomość ryzyka oraz zarządzanie nim staje się aktualnie koniecznością. Ekonomiczne konsekwencje podejmowanych decyzji i ich waga jednoznacznie podnoszą rangę badań nad ryzykiem (Suchecka, Nieszporska 2015, s. 103).Zarządzanie ryzykiem stanowi kluczową umiejętność, bez której nie da się zbudować przewagi konkurencyjnej. Na kształt systemu zarządzania ryzykiem stosowanego w danym przedsiębiorstwie wpływa wiele czynników, m.in. postawa menedżerów, znaczenie ryzyka dla danej działalności czy charakter organizacji. W zależności od przyjętych kryteriów można dokonać wielu klasyfikacji podejść do zarządzania ryzykiem, jednak najbardziej znany jest podział na tradycyjne (silosowe) i zintegrowane zarządzanie ryzykiem (Enterprise Risk Management -ERM) Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Częstochowskiej Zarządzanie Nr 28 t. 2 (2017) s. 37-49 dostępne na: http://www.zim.pcz.pl/znwz
The paper presents the concept of risk portfolio management – a holistic approach to risk analysis. It summarizes current state of knowledge regarding examined topic. Assessment of the suitability of portfolio management approach in the enterprise risk management was based on review of the subject literature. The author makes an attempt to confirm the hypothesis of risk portfolio management being a necessary and key part of proper enterprise risk management. The first section of the article provides a brief overview of the evolution of risk management. In the succeeding sections, descriptions of two latest risk management approaches: the traditional, silo risk management and the Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) approach are followed by a presentation of the risk portfolio management concept, which is compared to stock portfolio management. The paper focuses on the kinds of dependencies between certain risks which should be particularly considered and the ways in which portfolio analysis can be used to enhance a company’s understanding of its risks and enable it to make better management decisions. The last section of this paper presents potential effects of the implementation of the portfolio approach, focusing on benefits of portfolio management in a company’s activities.
Purpose: The main purpose of the article is to determine the key success factors of enterprise risk management systems, understood as the characteristics of these systems that have the greatest impact on the effectiveness of their functioning. Methodology: Bearing in mind the most accurate determination of key success factors of enterprise risk management systems, I used several research methods. The conducted research was divided into four stages: (1) literature review, (2) financial statements analysis, (3) individual in-depth interviews, and (4) anonymous surveys. The research embraced enterprises operating in Poland. Findings: Based on the literature analysis, in-depth interviews, and conducted surveys, a list of risk management systems’ success factors was created and sorted in the order from the most important ones – that have the greatest impact on the success of risk management – to the least important ones. Additional analysis of financial statements of all WSE-listed companies allowed me to discern that few of the surveyed companies use mature modern ERM systems, and it enabled me to identify a group of companies that qualified to participate in the survey. Moreover, a statistically significant positive correlation appeared between the degree of key success factors’ implementation and the overall ERM implementation’s impact on the organization, while a statistically significant negative correlation emerged between the overall impact of ERM implementation on the organization and the degree of ERM implementation goals’ achievement, but also between the degree of the implementation of key success factors and the degree of the ERM implementation objectives’ implementation. Moreover, I noted that the fact of using individual features has no significant impact on the assessment of a given feature by respondents. Implications: All factors included in the study are success factors of risk management systems. However, the surveys’ results suggest a different level of individual factors’ significance, thus a different degree of these factors impact on risk management success. Originality/Value: The article presents an original set of key success factors in risk management systems, created based on my own research. The obtained research results can be used by managers willing to implement or develop risk management systems in their organizations.
The aim of this paper is to present the evolution of approaches towards risk management, starting from the beginnings of this field and ending with modern times. The article provides an overview on the applied approaches towards risk management. It allows to understand the basics of contemporary risk management concepts in enterprises and can provide guidance for further research on risk. The author analyzes in detail the change in approaches towards risk management over the years, focusing in particular on traditional, silo risk management and on the most modern concept—ERM, currently considered the most mature and the most perfect, proactive approach towards risk management in an enterprise. Silo risk management treats individual risks independently and focuses on minimizing risk exposure, while the essence of ERM is the integrated management of all risks to which the organization is exposed and the inclusion of risk management in the organization’s strategy.
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