Background Chronic hydrocephalus caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage is a reversible and treatable condition. To date, existing clinical scores for predicting the development of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus are few and difficult to apply in the clinical settings. Chronic hydrocephalus ensuing subarachnoid hemorrhage score (CHESS) was first published in 2016. Although it showed promising results, no external validation has been done outside Europe. We designed this study to validate the accuracy and reliability of CHESS score and to also look for other factors that may cause posthemorrhagic shunt dependent hydrocephalus. Objectives This study is to determine the reliability of CHESS score and to look for other parameters with predictive value in patients with shunt-dependent posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Results Thirty-one percent of the studied population developed shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (n = 41). CHESS score showed an odds ratio (OR) of 2.184 with p-value < 0.001 and two other risk factors were found to be strongly related to develop shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, that is, early infarct in computed tomography (CT) brain (OR = 0.182; p-value = 0.004) and Fisher's grade > 3 (OR = 1.986; p-value = 0.047). The sensitivity and specificity for CHESS score in this cohort population showed a sensitivity of 73.2% and specificity of 93.3%. The area under the curve for CHESS score in our cohort is 0.922. Conclusion CHESS score is a reliable tool in early prediction of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus post subarachnoid hemorrhage. AbstractKeywords ► shunt-dependent hydrocephalus ► posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus ► CHESS ► hydrocephalus risk factors ► aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
A767 49-89% of the total annual costs associated with schizophrenia. ConClusions: Schizophrenia imposes a substantial economic burden on society mainly driven by high indirect costs. The cost estimates varied due to methodology differences and costs included. The information of disease burden associated with schizophrenia is crucial to enable informed decision-making in allocating health care resources.
A 7 1 9 -A 8 1 3 A769 more than one worker over four will spend one hour per day providing care to a patient with dementia. Increasing the proportion of treated patients may be a way to control costs and reduce burden on the society.
The aim of our study is to calculate the annual health insurance treatment cost of anxiety in Hungary. MethOds: The data derive from the financial database of the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund Administration (NHIFA), the only health care financing agency in Hungary. We analyzed the health insurance treatment cost and the number of patients for the year 2010. The following cost categories were included into the study: out-patient care, inpatient care, CT-MRI, PET, home care, transportation, general practitioner, drugs and medical devices. Results: The Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund Administration spent 13.535 billion Hungarian Forint (HUF) (65.026 million USD) for the treatment of anxiety patients. The annual average expenditure per patient was 13323 HUF (64 USD) while the average expenditure per one inhabitant was 1352 HUF (6.5 USD). Major cost drivers were general practitioners of primary care (43.8 % of total health insurance costs), pharmaceuticals (32.2 %) and outpatient care (12.4 %). The number of patients with anxiety disease was 1014 per 100000 populations. We found the highest patient number in general practitioners of primary care (1015938 patients), pharmaceuticals (774096 patients) and outpatient care (521760 patients). cOnclusiOns: Anxiety represents a significant burden for the health insurance system. General practitioners of primary care and pharmaceutical reimbursement are the major cost drivers for anxiety disease in Hungary. PMH18 dIsease ManageMent, resource utIlIsatIon and assocIated cost for Moderate and severe deMentIa PatIents In cHIna: results froM a delPHI Panel
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