This paper presents the past and present occurrence of Mantis religiosa in Poland and discusses range changes of this species during the last 100 years (1923–2021), based on 2664 records, 2029 of these unpublished. Up to 1994, the species was restricted to a relatively small area in the south-eastern part of Poland (3.3% of the country's area). During 27 years (1995–2021), M. religiosa spread from there to the north, west and south, increasing its range more than 20 times, to 77% of Poland’s area. At present, only north-western part of the country and central part of mountainous belt in the south are not occupied or sparsely occupied by this species. The average annual increase in European mantis range in Poland in the years 2013–2021 was eight times faster than during the earlier period (1995–2012).

Isophya modesta, a bush-cricket species belonging to the subfamily Phaneropterinae, was found for the first time outside of the forest-steppe zone. This study is the first report on I. modesta in Poland. It was found at our sites in the Przemyśl Foothills (Pogórze Przemyskie) in the south-eastern Polish Carpathians, where I. modesta inhabits xerothermic grasslands, dry and semi-dry meadows, but also successional meadows on abandoned arable land. One site occupied by I. modesta in the Przemyśl Foothills is located within a nature reserve, but other sites may be threatened by secondary succession or afforestation. We estimated population densities of around 30–80 adult individuals per hectare, and the whole known population consisted of a total of 3,000 to 15,000 adult individuals. The discovered populations may either be insular in character or connected by a continuous range with populations from Opilia Upland in Western Ukraine.

Platycleis grisea is a bush-cricket species distributed on the southern side of the Alps and in Eastern Europe. In Western and Northern Europe P. grisea is replaced by its sister species P. albopunctata, the border between the two taxa in Eastern Europe is unknown. Platycleis grisea and P. albopunctata differ in the shape of the female subgenital plate and the male reproductive organs: titillators, however the differences are vague, and their systemic status is unclear. Historical localities of P. grisea in Poland are Middle Pieniny in the Carpathians and the Ojców National Park in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, more recently it was also recorded from the Wdżar Mountain in the Gorce mountains. In this study P. grisea is reported from four new localities and the morphology of Platycleis from the Carpathians, and the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland is presented. Subgenital plate morphology turns out to be variable, and thus not a reliable trait. Titillators of Platycleis from the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland do not match P. grisea, and titillators of Platycleis from the Carpathians clearly match P. grisea morphology. I conclude that in Poland P. grisea is restricted to the Carpathians and thus the historical record from the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland must considered erroneous.

This study summarises information on the occurrence of Myrmecophilus acervorum in Poland in the years 1851–2022. We collected information about 143 localities: 40 from literature and 103 unpublished. Myrmecophilus acervorum is reported from seven new regions: the Baltic Coast, Białowieża Primeval Forest, Eastern Sudety Mts, Kraków-Wieluń Upland, Podlasie Lowland, Sandomierska Lowland and Trzebnickie Hills. While until 2010 observations were rare (35 localities), in the years 2011–2022 the species was found in 108 new localities. A total of 443 individuals of M. acervorum were observed in Poland, but the sex was identified only for 138, of which 135 were mature females or female nymphs. Males were recorded only historically in the Pomeranian Lakeland. At present, these records should be treated with caution, as they are uncertain.