No abstract

The study of ancient Egyptian monuments attracts the attention of experts from around the world. A recent event that confirms this is the discovery, using muon sensors, of previously unknown cavities in the Great Pyramid of Giza (or Khufu's Pyramid). Since it is unfeasible to directly confirm this discovery by drilling, another independent non-destructive method is necessary to confirm this discovery and provide accurate determination of the locations and shapes of the cavities. Following a literature review of the different methods used in evaluating cultural objects, this paper analyses a possible framework for simulation of a holographic radar for detecting openings or other unknown structures of interest to archaeologists/Egyptologists and the public.

Experiments have been carried out to evaluate holographic subsurface radar (RASCAN) for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of subnominal bond conditions between the Space Shuttle Thermal Protection System tiles and the aluminum substrate. Initial results have shown detection of small voids and spots of moisture between Space Shuttle thermal protection tiles and underlying aluminum substrate. The characteristic feature of this device is the ability to obtain one-sided radar soundings/images with high sensitivity (detecting of wire of 20 micron and less in diameter), and high resolution (2 cm lateral resolution) in the frequency band of 3.6-4.0 GHz. JPL's advanced high-speed image processing and pattern recognition algorithms can be used to process the data generated by the holographic radar and automatically detect and measure the defects. Combining JPL's technologies with the briefcase size, portable RASCAN system will produce a simple and fully automated scanner capable of inspecting dielectric heat shielding materials or other spacecraft structures for cracks, voids, inclusions, delamination, debonding, etc.. We believe this technology holds promise to significantly enhance the safety of the Space Shuttle and the future CEV and other space exploration missions.

No abstract

No abstract