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The survival data of 186 patients with renal cell carcinoma are discussed in respect to the different forms of treatment and other prognostic criteria, such as clinicopathological staging of the disease, histological grading, and cell type of the tumor. Patients with localized renal tumors (stage I) have a better prognosis than those with lesions extending into the perinephric fat, perinephric lymph nodes, or renal vein. Simple nephrectomy in isolated renal tumors (stage I) has provided a 55.1% 5 year survival and a 35.1% 10 year survival. In the more extensive stage (II and III), the therapeutic effect of nephrectomy is less apparent. The prognosis in stages II and III is almost similar. In the disseminated form of the disease, the prognosis has been poor and of all the past forms of treatment which have been previously employed, nephrectomy offered the best survival rate. For different forms of the disease, nephrectomy in combination with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy, may enhance the rejection effect of the host toward the tumor. However, this combination of therapy remains to be further clinically evaluated.