The study analyzed the personal and behavioral characteristics of cancer patients in the context of having a psychological profile with a certain level of adaptation. Based on informed consent in Medical- psychological center of Vinnitsa National Pirogov Memorial Medical University and Vinnytsa Regional Clinical Oncology Clinic during 2015-2019 years 288 cancer patients were examined. Assessment of personality traits conducted using the Freiburg Personality Inventory, FPI-B, behavioral patterns - Ways of Coping Questionnaire, WCQ by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman. Cancer causes the actualization of psychological constructs and the stress-protective mechanisms involved in overcoming stress. In families with impaired family adaptation, a higher incidence of patients with maladaptive personality and behavioral profiles was found. Patients with a disharmonious profile are at risk for developing psychological maladaptation in the stressful situation of a life-threatening illness. The personal and behavioral profile of the cancer patient is an important criterion for the choice of medical-psychological help and should be taken into account when applying psychological interventions to the patient and his immediate family (family).

Oncology patients experience high levels of stress both physically and psychologically, which can cause a lack of personal psychological resources. Psychosocial help is able to compensate the lack and be the basis for the recovery of patients in the future. On the base of informed consent, 286 cancer patients examined: 174 women and 114 men. Patients examined at different stages of the treatment process, namely, 78 women and 51 men were examined at the first episode of the disease, and 96 women and 63 men were examined after return of the disease or its relapse. Methods FACES-3, MSPSS were used in the study. It was shown, that in general women evaluated their own psychosocial resource more positively than men. The main source of support for patients, especially women, was family in comparison to significant others and friends. Families with a sufficient level of family adaptability characterized by high levels of psychosocial support, whereas impaired family functioning resulted in reduced external resources. Psychosocial help is an important component of complex psychological help for patients with cancer. The development of medical-psychological help measures should take into account the actual level of psychosocial support in patient and his / her perception by the participants of the treatment.

На основі інформованої згоди було обстежено 286 онкологічних пацієнтів, з них: 174 жінки та 114 чоловіків. Хворих досліджували на різних етапах лікувального процесу, а саме: при першому зіткненні з захворюванням – 78 осіб жіночої та 51 особа чоловічої статі, та при поверненні хвороби чи її рецидиві – 96 осіб жіночої та 63 чоловічої статі. У жінок та чоловіків з онкологічним захворюванням прогресування хвороби спричиняло зниження показників, які характеризують психосоціальну підтримку та було викликано як суб’єктивними (особливості сприйняття), так і об’єктивними факторами (зростання потреб хворих і вимог до допомоги). Показники психосоціальної підтримки у жінок були кращими, ніж у чоловіків. Рівень психосоціальної підтримки суттєво відрізнявся залежно від рівня сімейної адаптації родини

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Annotation. Cancer affects not only the patient but also affects the functioning of the whole family. The purpose of the work is to identify the peculiarities of the psychological status of the family with the cancer patient at different stages of the disease. On the base of informed consent, 286 families of cancer patients examined: 174 families with patient-wife and 112 families with patient-husband. Families examined at different stages of the treatment process, namely, at the first episode of the disease — 78 women and 51 men, and after return of the disease or its relapse — 96 women and 63 men. The FACES-3 family adaptation and cohesion scale was used. It is established that in families with cancer patients found changes in family functioning caused by the disease, which expressed in the formation of a specific behaviour patterns, most often by type of excessive care. In patients with continued illness observed changes in behaviour model in form of excessive care or distancing which reflected in levels of cohesion and adaptation. Thus, changes in family functioning in families with a patient suffering from cancer necessitate the development of family-oriented medical-psychological help.