Relevance. Adverse environmental conditions and man-made disasters are not considered as air, soil and groundwater oversaturated environmental pollutants and toxicants. They cause disturbances in biochemical reactions and metabolic processes in childhood and at a young age. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of polymorphism of the detoxification gene of the first phase Cyp1A1 (A1506G) and the second phase genes GSTM1, GSTT1, on hard tissue indices of permanent teeth, periodontal indices and oral hygiene indices in children living in areas of different anthropogenic stress. Materials and methods. We studied the polymorphism of the CYP1A1 gene (A1506G), polymorphisms GSTM1, GSTT1 in children living in areas of different anthropogenic stress. We evaluated the state of hard tissues of teeth, periodontal tissues and oral hygiene. Findings. The results of a study of the dental status of children indicate a negative effect of polymorphisms of the GSTM1, GSTT1 genes on the state of hard tissues of teeth, periodontal tissues and oral hygiene, especially as a result of adverse environmental factors. To reduce the likelihood of adverse factors provoking the development of major dental diseases, it is necessary to develop prevention methods based on the study of hereditary predisposition to them.