Ameliorating the of salt affected soils, represent an important target in the agricultural security program of Egypt. In this concern a field experiment was conducted at El-Rowad Village, South of El-Hosainiya Plain, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during two successive growing winter seasons 2016/ 2017 and 2017/2018 to evaluate the effect of different amendments with different two tillage systems on some properties of salt affected soils and its wheat production (Triticum aestivum) (Sakha 93). The experimental design was laid out in split-split plot with three replicates. The amendments were uniformly spread on soil surface and thoroughly mixed in the soil before sowing. This experiment was also carried under two tillage systems conservational and deep. The most important results can be summarized as follows: The effect of the conservational tillage and deep tillage with the addition amendment treatments, reduced bulk density, penetration resistances, decreased acidity, salinity and exchangeable sodium percent (ESP). On the contrary, increase the values of total porosity, hydraulic conductivity, organic matter, Grain yield, straw, total and harvest index. The achieved amelioration in physio-chemical and hydrological properties of the studied soil positively reflected on the increases of grain yields of crop wheat. Generally, it can be concluded that deep tillage, fine sawdust had decreased the hazardous effect of salinity of soil and hence exerted favorable effects on growth and yield of wheat. Finally, the obtained results suggest that this work is considered as scientific and logic fundamental base for a successful agricultural development of such salt affected area as well as possible to increase unite area income

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Irrigation water is limiting factor for crop production in arid and semi-arid regions. Modern irrigation system such as drip irrigation are widely used in Egypt and also used in other countries especially have limited irrigation water resources. Drip irrigation provides the efficient use of limited water resources with increasing water productivity (WP). Application of nitrogen to wheat is needed to ensure the N availability throughout the growing season due to its important role in promoting both vegetative and reproductive growth. A field experiment was carried out during growing season of 2017/2018 at a private farm located at a newly reclaimed sandy soil at El-Sadat district El-Menofiya governorate , Egypt to study the effect of two nitrogen fertilizer types (ordinary and slow release N fertilizers) as urea 46.5%N and urea formaldehyde (38%N) with four application rates i.e., 0, 40, 60 and 100 kg N fed-1 (1 feddan=4200 m 2) combined with drip irrigation moisture depletion from filed capacity (FC) (I1=100% of FC) and (I2=50% of FC) on wheat crop. The results showed that application of water depletion at (I1) through drip irrigation along with 100 kg N fed-1 , from two sources of nitrogen recorded the highest yield of straw and grain and the nitrogen content as well as nitrogen use efficiency compared with the other rate and levels of nitrogen and irrigation, respectively. Also, water productivity increased with irrigation I1 FC and nitrogen levels and reached the highest values at 100 kg N fed-1 as fertigated urea compared with urea formaldehyde as slow release fertilizer.

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ِA field experiment was conducted on a calcareous clay loamy and non calcareous sandy soils at Atfeh region, Giza Governorate to evaluate the effect of different organic materials, i.e., vinasse, (A1), farmyard manure FYM, (A2) town refuse compost (A3) and farm refuse compost (A4) applied at two rates of 5 and 10 ton fed.-1 just before maize planting on its shoots, grain and biological yields as well as uptake values of N, P, K, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn by its shoot and grains. Wheat was grown in the same plots without any further application of the aforementioned organic materials to study their residual effect on straw, grain and biological yields as well as, uptake values of the abovementioned nutrients by straw and grain of wheat plant. Results showed that application of the used organic manures to both the studied soils increased values of the shoot, grain and biological yield s of maize compared to the control treatment. Also, values of N, P, K, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn uptake by shoot and grain of maize plant increased as compared to the corresponding ones the control treatment. Also, increases in the uptake values. More pronounced at the higher rate of the applied organic materials. The highest values of the above mentioned parameters were achieved awing to vinasse (A1) application to the investigated soils. Similarly, values of shoots, grain and biological yields and total uptake of N, P, K, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn by straw and grain of wheat plant achieved higher values than the corresponding ones of the control treatment due to the residual effect of the previously applied soil conditioners (organic material). The results also showed that the increases were more pronounced due to the higher rate of these conditioners. The highest values of straw, grains and biological yields of wheat grown on both calcareous clay loamy and non calcareous sandy soils were recorded for treatments previously FYM. The findings imply that the highest values of N and P-uptake by wheat plant were obtained due to residual effect of FYM in both the calcareous clay loamy and non calcareous sandy soils. However, the highest values of K-uptake by wheat plant were obtained due to application of vinasse in both the calcareous clay loamy and non calcareous sandy soils. On the other hand, the residual effect of farm refuse compost and FYM recorded the highest values of Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn uptake by straw of wheat plants grown on both the studied soils. Contrary to that the residual effect of FYM and farm refuse compost recorded the highest values of Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn uptake by grain of wheat plant grown on both the studied soils, respectively.