The role and function that proprioception plays in movement and motor learning have been debated since the 19th century but can be difficult to isolate and study. Lesions at various points along the proprioceptive pathway result in afferent paresis that can be significantly disabling. Compensatory mechanisms can help with successful rehabilitation and provide an opportunity to study the role of these mechanisms in sensory feedback. Here, we present two cases of adult patients with complete hemisensory loss after a stroke: one patient with a cortical stroke and the other one with a thalamic stroke. First, we see that that motor learning can occur without proprioception, with the help of visual feedback. Second, proprioception plays an important role in movement: in the upper limb, it can facilitate individual finger movements, and in the lower limb, it maintains sufficient knee flexion to prevent the knee from going into recurvatum (backward bending) during ambulation.