No abstract

In recent times, large numbers of road accidents occurring all over the world are mainly due to collisions between vehicles. More than 1.2 million peoples were died in road accidents in 2019, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Human safety features are much needed in the manufacturing of vehicles. The proposed method mainly focuses on reducing the number of accidents in our daily lives by avoiding collision between the vehicles. There are several factors corresponding to such difficult conditions that may results in death or disabilities. The causes are sudden loss of concentration of the driver, braking failure and stability issues. These criteria can be reduced only if there is a possibility for communication between the vehicles and the drivers in order to avoid accidents. There are various vehicular communication system models like Dedicated Short Range Communication and Vehicular Ad-Hoc network operating less than 5.9 GHz. These radio frequency based communication also has some limitations such as interference, congested spectrum and security. These drawbacks can be reduced by implementing the Visible Light Communication (VLC) in vehicles. It provides larger bandwidth, security, interference immunity, and high data rate. High speed data transmission and reception can be achieved using visible light based data communication system. This technology is known as Light Fidelity (Li-Fi). This chapter presents the innovative method to evade collision between two vehicles (rear and front). This communication system is cost effective with high speed data rate capabilities.

No abstract

No abstract

All Achieving error free communication is the major challenge in wireless technology because it provides the basement for reliable communication. But, practically error free communication is not possible due to impairments caused in wireless channel. The practical option that is available for reliable communication with minimized error rate is a channel coding technique. The various channel encoding techniques used are RS, convolutional codes, turbo codes etc., in various generations of wireless communication. The advanced version of 5G technologies needs a new type of channel coding technique that focuses on low complexity and minimized bit error rate. In this system candidate error correction coding schemes that can be used for 5G technology is reviewed in terms of bit error rate and complexity. This proposed system mainly focuses on two channel coding techniques namely convolutional codes and LDPC codes. The LDPC codes are currently used in 4G technologies and its feasibility with 5G wireless communication is evaluated in terms of BER performance and complexity and it is compared with the coded and uncoded convolutional codes. The results show that LDPC codes outperform the other coded system in terms of BER and complexity, also channel capacity of the MIMO-OFDM system is achieved nearer to the Shannon limit by using LDPC codes. According to the conducted studies, it is evident that the LDPC codes are excellent in having improved BER performance such that it could be used for next generation wireless communication.