Trichoderma is one of the fungal biological agents used to control fusarium basal rot disease on shallot. The use of Trichoderma sp. can reduce the negative impact on the environment and humans due to the use of synthetic chemical fungicides. This study aimed to characterize the physiological characteristics of some Trichoderma sp. and assess the potential in controlling Fusarium oxysporum on shallot. This research consisted of various tests, such as phosphate solubilization, chitinolytic activity, antibiosis, IAA production, and growth promoting tests, including germination percentage, plant height, and root length. There were eight isolates of Trichoderma originating from various species of plants in the field. They were T. hamatum 1, T. hamatum 2, T. asperellum, T. harzianum, T. pseudokoningii, Trichoderma rice, Trichoderma T01, and Trichoderma T02. All isolates did not react positively to the indole acetic acid (IAA) and antibiosis tests. Conversely, all isolates showed a positive reaction in the chitinolytic activity, except T. hamatum. Isolates Trichoderma T01 and Trichoderma T02 reacted positively to phosphate dissolution. Trichoderma T02 had the best germination rate and plant height compared to all isolates, with values of 90% and 6.00 ± 0.96, respectively. Trichoderma rice has the best root length compared to all isolates 8.
Produksi bawang merah di Indonesia menghadapi permasalahan hama dan penyakit yang berat. Penggunaan pestisida menjadi andalan petani hingga saat ini untuk pengendalian hama dan penyakit tersebut. Beberapa agens biokontrol hama dan patogen bawang merah terbukti efektif secara individual, namun belum terintegrasi di lapangan. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengevaluasi kombinasi agens biokontrol dengan efektivitas terbaik untuk menekan insidensi penyakit utama bawang merah di lapangan. Percobaan lapangan dilakukan di Tegal, Jawa Tengah, salah satu sentra penghasil bawang merah di Indonesia. Perlakuan yang diuji ialah kombinasi Fusarium nonpatogenik (FNP) + plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)+ khamir antagonis (KA), FNP + KA, PGPR + KA, FNP+PGPR, fungisida sintetik, dan tanpa perlakuan (kontrol). Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat ulangan sebagai blok. Semua perlakuan kombinasi agens pengendali hayati dan fungisida sintetik menunjukkan perbedaan nyata dengan perlakuan kontrol dalam menekan penyakit busuk batang (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae) dan bercak ungu (Alternaria porri), tetapi tidak berbeda nyata antarperlakuan. Produktivitas bawang merah dengan perlakuan agens pengendali hayati memiliki bobot umbi segar yang cukup tinggi. Tanaman dengan perlakuan agens hayati PGPR + KA dan FNP + PGPR memiliki bobot umbi segar yang paling tinggi di antara perlakuan agens pengendali hayati lainnya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kombinasi agens pengendali hayati berpotensi menekan penyakit bawang merah di lapangan.
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