Objective. The development of structures and calculation of metal-wood crane beams are associated with specific difficulties. The article discusses the methods of calculation and design of metal-wood crane beams. In this case, an algorithm is described that allows designing systems that are rational in terms of material consumption. Methods. As an example, a metal-wood beam with a span of 12 m is used, which is supported by overhead cranes with a load capacity of 30 tf. The operation of a metal-wood crane beam was compared with a glue laminate crane beam without reinforcement. The reinforcement elements are "discarded" and replaced with elasto-yielding supports to calculate a glue laminate beam reinforced with metal elements (or a metal-wood beam). The flexibility of these supports is taken into account using the elastic support ratio r, which is determined depending on the stiffness of the supports, and the force in the metal elements is derived from the nodes balance. Result. In both variants of loading metal-wood crane beams, it was shown that the greatest bending moment occurred when the bridge wheel was located above the elastic support. Conclusion. It is rational to use a metal-wood crane beam when operating bridge cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 30 tf; metal-wood crane beams are recommended to be designed with spans up to 12 m; the comparison of glue laminate crane beams with metal-wood beams showed that metal-wood beams were 40-55% more efficient.

Based on the theoretical results obtained in the article [17], here the analysis of the influence of various design parameters on the own weight and cost of metal of truss beams with two posts is carried out. An optimal parameter has been obtained that makes it possible to reduce the calculated bending moment in the cross section of a truss beam with two struts.Method. By equalizing the bending moments in various design sections of the truss beam, the internal force factors are reduced. The corresponding equation for optimizing the parameters of the beam has been drawn up and a formula has been obtained to determine the optimal parameter of the structure as a whole.Result. Using the example of numerical calculations, a decrease in the calculated bending moment by 14% compared to truss beams without optimization is shown.Conclusion. The proposed method and algorithm testify to the efficiency and rationality of the obtained optimal parameter of the structure as a whole.

Objective. The objective of the research is to design strutted beams that have optimal parameters for metal consumption.Methods. A mathematical simulation of the operation of a strutted beam with elastic support in the middle of the span is used. The calculation formulas are obtained based on the solution of the corresponding differential equation of the transverse bend of the upper crossbar of the strutted beam.Results. A method has been developed to optimize the design parameters of a single-strut beam. Constructive calculation schemes are given, as well as formulas that allow assigning design parameters ensuring a minimum of metal consumption while maintaining the technological simplicity of manufacturing a strutted beam. An algorithm is constructed that can be used to design single-strut beams. The resulting calculation formulas are brief and easy to use.Conclusion. The proposed method allows reducing the weight of a single-strut beam by up to 60% compared to conventional beams.

Objective. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of trussed beams with two posts.Method. Many numerical examples are carried out and variant design of trussed beams with various structural characteristics is carried out. Appropriate tables are compiled.Result. The analysis of the influence of various design parameters on the own weight and the cost of the metal of a trussed beam with two posts was carried out. Various tables have been compiled that show the effectiveness of a trussed beam with optimal characteristics. The constructed tables allow us to draw a conclusion about the effectiveness of the optimal parameters of trussed beams with two posts.Conclusion. The proposed technique and algorithm testify to the effectiveness of the considered design. Saving steel, as well as reducing the cost of metal of trussed beams with two posts compared to conventional beams, reaches 40-50%.