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A study has been carried out on a sample of 2,158 male subjects between 20 and 50 years old representative of the rural Malian population (West Africa), and the results are compared with historic data obtained since 1885. This comparison suggests that there has been no modification in stature during this century. The analysis of each ethnic group does not show any disparity. Our results are in agreement with the theory that certain factors lead to the secular increase of stature in developed countries. These etiologic factors are not found in our West African population.

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A wide-range analytical study for screening diabetes mellitus in the rural region of the Republic of Mali was carried out on 7,472 subjects in whom fasting glycaemia was determined using reflectometry kits. Our results represent a breakthrough in the field of epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in West Africa. The prevalence rate of fasting hyperglycaemia equal to or over 7.00 mmol/1 was 0.92%. The statistical analysis of data collected in this manner showed an increased prevalence in the Caucasian and Fulani ethnic groups, and a decreased prevalence in the Negroid ethnic groups. Age and body mass index are also risk factors in this population.

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